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. 2021 May 17;13(5):735. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13050735

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© 2021 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Schematic showing microstructure evolution and dissolution process of drug and polymer from high drug-loaded ASDs at lower and higher surfactant levels: (A) Phase behavior and dissolution process of 30% DL felodipine-PVPVA ASDs without TPGS and 2% TPGS, whereby phase separated drug-rich and polymer-rich phases release incongruently, leaving behind a porous drug-rich layer on the tablet surface and (B) Phase behavior and dissolution process of 30% DL felodipine-PVPVA ASDs with 5% and 10% TPGS, whereby drug-rich domains release intact as the polymer dissolves and the transient gel layer recedes, leading to the congruent release of drug and polymer (Adapted with permission from [48], Elsevier, 2002).

Schematic showing microstructure evolution and dissolution process of drug and polymer from high drug-loaded ASDs at lower and higher surfactant levels: (A) Phase behavior and dissolution process of 30% DL felodipine-PVPVA ASDs without TPGS and 2% TPGS, whereby phase separated drug-rich and polymer-rich phases release incongruently, leaving behind a porous drug-rich layer on the tablet surface and (B) Phase behavior and dissolution process of 30% DL felodipine-PVPVA ASDs with 5% and 10% TPGS, whereby drug-rich domains release intact as the polymer dissolves and the transient gel layer recedes, leading to the congruent release of drug and polymer (Adapted with permission from [48], Elsevier, 2002).