Table 2.
Effect of extrusion processing conditions on sugars of different pulse extrudates.
| Matrix | Extrusion Conditions | Sugars | Reference | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sucrose | Maltose | Fructose | Galactose | Ribose | |||
| Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) | Non-Extruded | 20.8 ± 0.05 | 3.5 ± 0.28 * | - | 0.1 ± 0.01 | - | [81] |
| Twin, ss: 200 rpm; bt: 160 °C; m: 20% | 20.1 ± 0.02 | 4.2 ± 0.24 | - | 0.5 ± 0.01 | - | ||
| Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) + 0.4% NaHCO3 | Non-Extruded | 19.2 ± 0.10 | 4.0 ± 0.02 | - | 0.6 ± 0.01 | - | |
| Twin, ss: 200 rpm; bt: 160 °C; m: 20% | 16.3 ± 0.10 | 3.5 ± 0.11 | - | 1.0 ± 0.01 | - | ||
| Dry pea (Pisum sativum L.) | Non-Extruded | 6.47 | 1.91 | 1.24 | 7.22 | 5.21 | [3] |
| Twin; ss: 500 rpm; bt: 160 °C; m: 17% | 12.99 | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | ||
| Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) | Non-Extruded | 7.94 | 01.68 | 1.56 | 1.84 | 0.58 | |
| Twin; ss: 500 rpm; bt: 160 °C; m: 17% | 10.03 | 01.77 | 1.45 | 0.66 | 0.62 | ||
| Lentil (Lens culinaris L.) | Non-Extruded | 6.97 | 00.39 | 0.85 | n.d. | 3.05 | |
| Twin; ss: 500 rpm; bt: 160 °C; m: 17% | 6.01 | 01.33 | 1.03 | n.d. | 1.36 | ||
| Lentil (Lens culinaris L. Medik) | Non-Extruded | 10.22 ± 0.54 | 3.09 ± 0.18 | - | - | - | [12] |
| Twin; ss: 500 rpm; bt: 160 °C; m: 17% | 12.82 ± 0.63 | 5.51 ± 0.46 | - | - | - | ||
| Rice (80%) + Pea (Pisum sativum L.) (20%) | Non-Extruded | 4.76 | - | - | - | - | [82] |
| Twin; ss: 900 rpm; bt: 125 °C; m: 2.50 kg/h | 9.44 | - | - | - | - | ||
| Rice (60%) + Pea (Pisum sativum L.) (40%) | Non-Extruded | 7.97 | - | - | - | - | |
| Twin; ss: 950 rpm; bt: 125 °C; m: 2.50 kg/h | 14.46 | - | - | - | - | ||
| Rice (80%) + Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) (20%) | Non-Extruded | 8.65 ± 0.15 | - | - | - | - | [43] |
| Twin; ss: 900 rpm; bt: 125 °C; m: 2.50 kg/h | 10.27 ± 0.08 | - | - | - | - | ||
| Rice (60%) + Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) (40%) | Non-Extruded | 12.44 ± 0.15 | - | - | - | - | |
| Twin; ss: 950 rpm; bt: 125 °C; m: 2.50 kg/h | 17.84 ± 0.16 | - | - | - | - | ||
Values are expressed in mg/g; * maltose + inositol; twin or single: type of screw; ss: screw speed; bt: barrel temperature; m: moisture; n.d.: not detected.