Table 1. Conceptualising and comparing transitional and transformational city change.
| CHARACTERISTICS OF CHANGE | TRANSITIONAL | TRANSFORMATIONAL | REFERENCES |
|---|---|---|---|
| Semantics | Quantitative change
“Change IN city” |
Qualitative change
“Change OF city” |
34 |
| SCALE | Small
Sub-city level |
Large
City level |
31, 34, |
| Type | Grassroots
Niche innovations |
Multi-dimensional
Change in structures, environments, practices, culture |
35, 36 |
| Timeframe | Long-term process of diffusion | Immediate | 37 |
| PURPOSE | Incremental | Inadvertent or purposive | 38 |
| Perspective | Localised
Can be isolated |
Systemic | 36, 39, 40 |