Table 2.
Pooled estimates of treatment effect on biochemical bone turn-over markers in subgroups of trials.
| Subgroup Outcomes | Osteocalcin (OC) | Bone Alkaline Phosphatase (BAP) |
Pyridinoline (PYD) | Deoxypyridinoline (DPD) | ||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | n | WMD (95% CI) | p | I2 (%) | N | n | WMD (95% CI) | p | I2 (%) | N | n | WMD (95% CI) | p | I2 (%) | N | n | WMD (95% CI) | p | I2 (%) | |
| Overall effects | 10 | 581 | 4.16 (−7.72, 16.04) | 0.49 | 85.35 | 18 | 1560 | 5.50 (−3.81, 14.82) | 0.25 | 92.39 | 8 | 589 | −12.09 (−25.37,1.20) | 0.07 | 89.12 | 14 | 959 | −7.48 (−15.37, 0.41) | 0.06 | 66.83 |
| Follow-up period | ||||||||||||||||||||
| ≤6 months | 8 | 459 | 0.27 (−10.93, 11.47) | 0.96 | 83.68 | 8 | 400 | 2.07 (−1.85, 5.98) | 0.30 | 0.00 | 3 | 154 | −17.04 (−42.00, 8.31) | 0.08 | 77.94 | 8 | 459 | −8.56 (−19.56, 2.43) | 0.13 | 56.68 |
| >6 months | 2 | 122 | 6.47 (−81.55, 94.48) | 0.88 | 83.60 | 10 | 1160 | 8.10 (−7.16, 23.36) | 0.30 | 95.34 | 5 | 435 | −9.85 (−26.70, 7.00) | 0.25 | 92.08 | 6 | 500 | −6.48 (−18.82, 5.85) | 0.30 | 78.14 |
| Menopausal status | ||||||||||||||||||||
| <5 years | 7 | 440 | −0.96 (−12.70, 10.78) | 0.87 | 85.31 | 11 | 1112 | 6.97 (−5.83, 19.76) | 0.29 | 94.80 | 5 | 431 | −4.79 (−18.40, 8.83) | 0.49 | 86.09 | 10 | 715 | −4.28 (−13.05, 4.48) | 0.34 | 67.53 |
| ≥5 years | 3 | 141 | 14.98 (−24.91, 54.87) | 0.46 | 72.71 | 7 | 448 | 1.90 (−6.80, 10.60) | 0.67 | 58.24 | 3 | 158 | −25.87 (−52.81, 1.07) | 0.06 | 87.73 | 4 | 244 | −16.49 (−32.17, −0.81) | 0.04 | 53.73 |
| Age | ||||||||||||||||||||
| <54 years | 6 | 359 | 14.18 (−13.96, 42.33) | 0.32 | 90.13 | 9 | 652 | 10.25 (−6.58, 27.08) | 0.23 | 95.44 | 6 | 456 | −14.45 (−30.70, 1.81) | 0.08 | 91.97 | 9 | 655 | −8.65 (−20.25, 2.95) | 0.14 | 78.34 |
| ≥54 years | 4 | 222 | −3.57 (−13.30, 6.16) | 0.47 | 63.70 | 9 | 908 | 0.72 (−3.51, 4.94) | 0.74 | 19.02 | 2 | 133 | −3.50 (−16.02, 9.03) | 0.13 | 0.00 | 5 | 304 | −4.87 (−12.95, 3.20) | 0.24 | 0.00 |
| BMI § | ||||||||||||||||||||
| ≤24.9 kg/m2 | 6 | 390 | 14.17 (−1.27, 29.61) | 0.07 | 89.01 | 10 | 1088 | 10.18 (−2.88, 23.25) | 0.13 | 95.34 | 6 | 456 | −14.45 (−30.70, 1.81) | 0.08 | 91.97 | 9 | 693 | −7.18 (−17.86, 3.50) | 0.19 | 78.85 |
| >24.9 kg/m2 | 3 | 171 | −15.13 (−46.96, 16.69) | 0.35 | 70.69 | 8 | 472 | −3.09 (−8.31, 2.13) | 0.25 | 0.00 | 2 | 133 | −3.50 (−16.02, 9.03) | 0.58 | 0.00 | 5 | 266 | −9.53 (−19.73, 0.68) | 0.07 | 0.00 |
| Intervention type | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Soy protein | 2 | 82 | −16.11 (−44.40, 12.19) | 0.26 | 0.00 | 9 | 634 | −1.29 (−5.77, 3.20) | 0.57 | 0.00 | 4 | 314 | 2.79 (−2.64, 8.22) | 0.31 | 0.00 | 7 | 446 | 0.53 (−6.03, 7.10) | 0.87 | 5.10 |
| Isoflavone extract | 8 | 499 | 7,03 (−5.79, 19,84) | 0.28 | 88.93 | 9 | 926 | 10.61 (−4.01, 25.23) | 0.15 | 95.75 | 4 | 275 | −29.16 (−39.59, −18.73) | 0.00 | 50.68 | 7 | 513 | −14.63 (−27.88, −1.38) | 0.03 | 77.90 |
| Isoflavone dose | ||||||||||||||||||||
| <80 mg/day | 5 | 347 | 8.07 (−7.79, 23.92) | 0.32 | 89.88 | 6 | 438 | 14.97 (−7.65, 37.60) | 0.19 | 94.96 | 3 | 219 | −32.04 (−40.42, −23.66) | 0.00 | 24.47 | 6 | 441 | −9.02 (−22.09, 4.05) | 0.18 | 75.61 |
| ≥80 mg/day | 5 | 234 | 3.87 (−23.35, 31.09) | 0.78 | 78.27 | 12 | 1122 | 0.15 (−2.74, 3.04) | 0.92 | 0.00 | 5 | 370 | 1.91 (−3.34, 7.16) | 0.48 | 0.00 | 8 | 518 | −6.33 (−16.72, 4.06) | 0.23 | 60.38 |
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; I2, coefficient of inconsistency; N, number of comparisons; n, number of subjects; p, probability value; WMD, weighted mean difference in percentage (%); ‡ containing isoflavone; § data not available for OC according to the work of Knight [36].