Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of 330 patients according to amoxicillin/clavulanate susceptibility in urinary isolates.
| Baseline Characteristics | Susceptible Isolates n = 271 |
Resistant Isolates n = 59 |
p-Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| n (%) | n (%) | ||
| Age (years), median (IQR) | 72 (42–85) | 80 (67–85) | 0.004 |
| Sex male | 69 (25.46) | 24 (40.68) | 0.025 |
| Charlson Comorbidity index at admission, median (IQR) | 2 (0–5) | 5 (3–7) | <0.001 |
| SAPS II at admission, median (IQR) | 28 (20–34) | 33 (28–41) | <0.001 |
| Main underlying diseases | |||
| Diabetes | 64 (23.62) | 21 (35.59) | 0.070 |
| Chronic pulmonary disease | 18 (6.64) | 8 (13.56) | 0.104 |
| Cardiovascular disease | 38 (14.02) | 11 (18.64) | 0.418 |
| Renal failure | 53 (19.56) | 23 (38.98) | 0.002 |
| Chronic liver disease | 16 (5.90) | 4 (6.78) | 0.766 |
| Neurological disease | 42 (15.50) | 17 (28.81) | 0.023 |
| Malignant disease | 18 (6.64) | 14 (23.73) | <0.001 |
| Human immunodeficiency virus | 4 (1.48) | 2 (3.39) | 0.292 |
| Immunosuppression | 23 (8.49) | 11 (18.64) | 0.031 |
| Recurrent UTI history | 43 (15.87) | 16 (27.12) | 0.059 |
| Indwelling urinary catheter | 19 (7.01) | 12 (20.34) | 0.005 |
| Other indwelling urinary devices | 17 (6.27) | 6 (10.17) | 0.269 |
| Prior hospital stay (3 months) | 35 (12.92) | 14 (23.73) | 0.043 |
| Prior antibiotic use (3 months) | |||
| Amoxicillin/clavulanate | 21 (7.75) | 14 (23.73) | 0.002 |
| Piperacillin/tazobactam | 4 (1.48) | 0 (0.00) | 1.000 |
| Cephalosporin | 12 (4.43) | 6 (10.17) | 0.107 |
| Carbapenem | 4 (1.48) | 4 (6.78) | 0.037 |
| Fluoroquinolone | 28 (10.33) | 17 (28.81) | 0.001 |
| Fosfomycin | 19 (7.01) | 5 (8.47) | 0.781 |
| Linezolid | 3 (1.11) | 1 (1.69) | 0.547 |
| Aminoglycoside | 0 (0.00) | 1 (1.69) | 0.179 |
| Aztreonam | 3 (1.11) | 0 (0.00) | 1.000 |
| Other antibiotic | 21 (7.75) | 7 (11.86) | 0.306 |
| Any antibiotic | 76 (28.04) | 34 (57.63) | <0.001 |
| Clinical features | |||
| Asymptomatic bacteriuria | 98 (36.16) | 20 (33.90) | 0.767 |
| Clinical infection | 173 (63.84) | 39 (66.10) | 0.767 |
| Current bacteremic UTI Pitt Score, median (IQR) |
13 (4.80) 0 (0–1) |
5 (8.48) 0.5 (0–0) |
0.337 0.411 |
| Type of acquisition | |||
| CA-UTI | 200 (73.80) | 29 (49.15) | <0.001 |
| CO-HCA UTI | 71 (26.20) | 30 (50.85) | <0.001 |
Data are presented as absolute number (%), unless otherwise specified. Continuous variables were compared using the Mann–Whitney U-test and categorical variables by using the Fisher’s exact test. Abbreviations: IQR: interquartile range; SAPS II: simplified acute physiology score II; UTI: urinary tract infection; CA-UTI: community acquired urinary tract infection; CO-HCA UTI: community onset-healthcare associated urinary tract infection.