Table 3.
Baseline characteristics of 212 infected patients according to amoxicillin/clavulanate-susceptibility in urinary isolates.
| Baseline Characteristics | Susceptible Isolates n = 173 |
Resistant Isolates n = 39 |
p-Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| n (%) | n (%) | ||
| Age (years), median (IQR) | 56 (37–80) | 76 (61–83) | 0.002 |
| Sex male | 52(30.06) | 18 (46.15) | 0.061 |
| Charlson Comorbidity Index at admission, median (IQR) | 1 (0–3) | 5 (2–7) | <0.001 |
| SAPS II at admission, median (IQR) | 24 (19–30) | 31 (26–39) | <0.001 |
| Main underlying diseases | |||
| Diabetes | 31 (17.92) | 13 (33.33) | 0.032 |
| Chronic pulmonary disease | 4 (2.31) | 4 (10.26) | 0.040 |
| Cardiovascular disease | 14 (8.09) | 7 (17.95) | 0.076 |
| Renal failure | 28 (16.19) | 10 (25.64) | 0.171 |
| Chronic liver disease | 8 (4.62) | 4 (10.26) | 0.240 |
| Neurological disease | 20 (11.56) | 9 (23.08) | 0.072 |
| Malignant disease | 9 (5.20) | 11 (28.21) | <0.001 |
| Human immunodeficiency virus | 3 (1.73) | 1 (2.56) | 0.559 |
| Immunosuppression | 16 (9.25) | 9 (23.08) | 0.025 |
| Recurrent UTI history | 32 (18.50) | 11 (28.21) | 0.189 |
| Indwelling urinary catheter | 12 (6.94) | 9 (23.08) | 0.005 |
| Other indwelling urinary devices | 14 (8.09) | 3 (7.69) | 1.000 |
| Prior hospital stay (3 months) | 20 (11.56) | 12 (30.77) | 0.005 |
| Prior antibiotic use (3 months) | |||
| Amoxicillin/clavulanate | 14 (8.09) | 12 (30.77) | <0.001 |
| Piperacillin/tazobactam | 3 (1.73) | 0 (0.00) | 1.000 |
| Cephalosporin | 10 (5.78) | 6 (15.39) | 0.084 |
| Carbapenem | 2 (1.16) | 4 (10.26) | 0.011 |
| Fluoroquinolone | 18 (10.41) | 9 (23.08) | 0.058 |
| Fosfomycin | 15 (8.67) | 4 (10.26) | 0.758 |
| Linezolid | 1 (0.58) | 1 (2.56) | 0.335 |
| Aminoglycoside | 0 (0.00) | 1 (2.56) | 0.184 |
| Aztreonam | 2 (1.16) | 0 (0.00) | 1.000 |
| Other antibiotic | 12 (6.94) | 4 (10.26) | 0.503 |
| Any antibiotic | 51 (29.48) | 23 (58.97) | 0.001 |
| Clinical features | |||
| Complicated UTI | 106 (61.27) | 32 (82.05) | 0.016 |
| Current bacteremic UTI Pitt Score, median (IQR) |
11 (6.36) 0 (0–1) |
5 (12.82) 0.5 (0–1) |
0.182 0.373 |
| Type of acquisition | |||
| CA-UTI | 130 (75.15) | 17 (43.59) | <0.001 |
| CO-HCA UTI | 43 (24.86) | 22 (56.41) | <0.001 |
Data are presented as absolute number (%), unless otherwise specified. Continuous variables were compared using the Mann–Whitney U-test and categorical variables by using the Fisher’s exact test. Abbreviations: IQR: interquartile range; SAPS II: simplified acute physiology score II; UTI: urinary tract infection; CA-UTI: community acquired urinary tract infection; CO-HCA UTI: community onset-healthcare associated urinary tract infection.