Table 2.
Maximal isometric handgrip strength during the study.
| Normothermia Group (NG; n = 29) |
Hyperthermia Group (HG; n = 25) |
|||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pre-Intervention | Post-Intervention | Pre-Intervention | Post-Intervention | |||||||||
| Pre-Session | Post-Session | Diff. | Pre-Session | Post-Session | Diff. | Pre-Session | Post-Session | Diff. | Pre-Session | Post-Session | Diff. | |
| Trained Hand (N) | 44.29 ± 7.65 | 44.33 ± 6.82 | 0.45 ± 3.38 | 43.61 ± 6.59 | 44.50 ± 6.46 | 0.71 ± 3.99 | 46.56 ± 7.60 | 43.64 ± 6.94 | −2.84 ± 3.85 | 49.20 ± 8.05 +,♦,R1 | 47.13 ± 7.20 | −2.06 ± 5.10 |
| Untrained Hand (N) | 40.43 ± 7.04 | 39.75 ± 7.03 | −0.71 ± 3.99 | 39.52 ± 5.05 | 38.85 ± 5.96 | −0.66 ± 1.74 | 43.31 ± 8.38 | 42.31 ± 7.91 | −1.00 ± 6.61 | 46.40 ± 6.68 ++,♦,R2 | 45.53 ± 5.85 ++ | −0.86 ± 3.41 |
| Hands Diff. (N) | 3.95 ± 4.45 | 4.41 ± 4.35 | 0.46 ± 0.10 | 3.64 ± 2.89 | 5.47 ± 2.71 * | 1.83 ± 0.18 ♦,R4 | 3.19 ± 6.24 | 1.33 ± 5.73 | −1.86 ± 0.51 | 2.80 ± 2.51 ♦,R3 | 1.60 ± 3.20 ++ | −1.20 ± 0.69 ++ |
| I Temp (°C) | 36.77 ± 0.54 | 37.18 ± 0.68 *** | 0.40 ± 0.59 | 36.76 ± 0.46 | 36.99 ± 0.72 | 0.23 ± 0.70 | 36.79 ± 0.59 | 37.84 ± 1.25 ***+ | 1.05 ± 1.25 ++ | 36.80 ± 0.48 | 38.00 ± 0.99 ***,++ | 1.19 ± 0.83 +++ |
| E Temp (°C) | 36.55 ± 0.43 | 36.70 ± 0.63 * | 0.14 ± 0.54 | 36.25 ± 0.40 | 36.62 ± 0.57 ** | 0.37 ± 0.55 | 36.60 ± 0.50 | 37.20 ± 0.72 ***+ | 0.60 ± 0.87 | 36.54 ± 0.25 + | 37.58 ± 0.85 ***,+++ | 0.91 ± 0.86 + |
| Bodyweight (Kg) | 72.06 ± 7.46 | 72.07 ± 7.47 | 0.01 ± 0.23 | 71.97 ± 7.14 | 71.89 ± 7.17 | −0.08 ± 0.25 | 72.41 ± 6.92 | 72.28 ± 6.89 ** | −0.12 ± 0.50 +++ | 72.12 ± 6.28 | 72.28 ± 6.64 ** | 0.16 ± 0.15 + |
NG: Normothermia group; SG: Sauna group. Diff: Difference between pre and post values of each hand in each evaluation; Hands Diff.: Difference between right and left hands in each evaluation; I Temp: Internal temperature; E Temp: External temperature. Wilcoxon Test: Pre-post differences of each day in each group: * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001. Pre-pre differences between days 1 and 6: ♦ p < 0.05; Mann–Whitney U Test: Differences between groups at each time point: + p < 0.05; ++ p < 0.01; +++ p < 0.001. Effect size: R1 = 0.77; R2 = 0.81; R3 = 0.68; R4 = 0.65.