Table 5.
Overview of the non-comparative studies. The studies lightened in bold are the ones included in the meta-analysis.
| First Author | Year | Risk of Bias | Sample Size | Cobb Angle | Skeletal Maturity | Type of Brace | Brace | Timing | Follow-Up | Definition of Success Rate | Success Rate |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Weinstein [6] | 2014 | 14/24 | 146 | 20–40 | Risser 0–2 | Rigid | TLSO | Full-time | 7 years | >50° | 72% |
| 96 | Control group | 42% | |||||||||
| Xu [22] | 2019 | 8/16 | 90 | 40–45 | Risser 0–3 (divided in subgroups) | Rigid | Boston brace | Full-time | 2 years | ≤5° | 51.1% |
| Yrjonen [23] | 2007 | 10/24 | 51 | >25° | Risser 0–3 | Rigid | Boston brace | Full-time | > 1 year | ≤5° | Girls 78.4% |
| 51 | Boys 62.7% | ||||||||||
| Grivas [24] | 2003 | 7/16 | 28 | 20–40 | Pre or < 1 year post-menarche and Risser | Rigid | modified Boston brace | Full-time | mean of 2.3 years | ≤5° | 82% |
| Pasquini [25] | 2016 | 5/16 | 843 | 20–40 | Risser 0–2 | Rigid | modified Cheneau brace | Full-time | ≥2 years | ≤5° | 81% |
| Fang [26] | 2015 | 10/16 | 32 | 25–40 | Risser 0–2 | Rigid | Cheneau brace | Full-time | 2 years | no curve progression ≥ 50° | 81% |
| Pham [27] | 2007 | 7/16 | 63 | 20–45 | Risser 0–2 | Rigid | Cheneau brace | Full-time | 2 years after discontinuing brace therapy | <10° | 85.7% |
| Zabrowska Sapeta [28] | 2010 | 7/16 | 79 | 20–45 | Risser 0–4 | Rigid | Cheneau brace + exercises | Full-time | 1–5 years | ≤5° | 48% |
| Maruyama [44] | 2015 | 9/16 | 33 | 25–40 | Risser 0–2 and pre or 1 year post-menarche | Rigid | Rigo- Cheneau brace | Full-time | Mean 2.8 years | ≤5° | 76% |
| Aulisa [29] | 2009 | 6/16 | 50 | 25–40 | Risser 0–2 | Rigid | PASB | Full-time | > 2 years | ≤5° | 100% |
| Aulisa [45] | 2020 | 12/16 | 163 |
20–60
mean 28 |
Risser 0–4 | Rigid | PASB | 10y after termination | ≤5° | 65.6% | |
| Aulisa [30] | 2015 | 4/16 | 69 | 25–40 | Risser 0–2 | Rigid | Lyon brace | Full-time | 2 years | ≤5° | 98.5% |
| Weiss [31] | 2017 | 9/16 | 25 | ≥40 | Risser 0–2 | Rigid | Gensingen Brace | Full-time | ≥ 1.5 years | ≤5° | 92% |
| Kuroki [32] | 2015 | 10/16 | 31 | 20–40 | Risser 0–2 | Rigid | OMC brace | Full-time | 2 years after discontinuing brace therapy | no curve progression ≥ 50° | 67.8% |
| Yangmin Lin [33] | 2020 | 6/16 | 24 | 20–40 | Risser 0–2 | Rigid | Pressure-adjustable orthosis | 1 year | ≤5° | 100% | |
| Lateur [46] | 2017 | 10/16 | 142 | <25 | Risser 0–3 | Rigid | Night-time brace | Night-time | >1 year mean 3.75 y | ≤5° | 83% |
| Price [34] | 1990 | 7/16 | 139 | 25–49 | Risser 0–2 | Rigid | Charleston brace | Night-time | > 1 year | ≤5° | 83% |
| Lee [35] | 2012 | 9/16 | 95 | 25–40 | Risser 0–2 | Rigid | Charleston brace | Night-time | > 2 years after skeletal maturity | ≤5° | 84.2% |
| Davis [36] | 2019 | 6/16 | 56 | 25–40 | Risser 0–2 | Rigid | Providence brace | Night-time | mean 2.21 years | ≤5° | 51.8% |
| Ohrt-Nissen [37] | 2016 | 7/16 | 63 | 25–40 | Risser 0–2 | Rigid | Providence brace | Night-time | 2 years | ≤5° | 57% |
| D’ Amato [5] | 2001 | 8/16 | 102 | 20–42 | Risser 0–2 | Rigid | Providence brace | Night-time | Min 2 y after stop bracing | ≤5° | 74% |
| Bohl [38] | 2014 | 6/16 | 34 | 25–40 | Risser 0–2 | Rigid | Providence brace | Night-time | 2 years after maturity | ≤5° or >45 degrees | 50% >5°, 59% >45° |
| Simony [39] | 2019 | 10/16 | 80 | 20–45 | Pre or < 1 year post-menarche | Rigid | Providence brace | Night-time | Till 1 year after stop bracing | ≤5° | 89% |
| Coillard [40] | 2007 | 8/16 | 170 | 25–40 | Risser 0–2 | Soft | SpineCor | Full-time | 2 years after discontinuing brace therapy | ≤5° | 59.4% |
| Coillard [41] | 2014 | 16/24 | 32 | 15–30 | Risser 0–2 | Soft | SpineCor brace | Full-time | 5 years | ≤5° | 73% |
| 36 | control group | 57% |