Table 4.
According to skeletal muscle mass (SMM) and fat mass (FM) in women at the urban hospital-based cohort, adjusted means and standard errors in anthropometric and biochemical parameters.
| Metabolic parameters | HMLF (n = 5220) |
HMHF (n = 10,522) |
LMLF (n = 3615) |
LMHF (n = 1368) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Predicted SMM (kg) | 27.8 ± 0.02 b | 29.3 ± 0.02 a | 25.0 ± 0.02 d | 25.4 ± 0.02 c |
| Predicted FM (%) | 27.6 ± 0.03 c | 34.0 ± 0.03 a | 26.2 ± 0.04 d | 32.2 ± 0.06 b |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 21.8 ± 0.02 c | 25.5 ± 0.02 a | 20.6 ± 0.03 d | 23.4 ± 0.04 b |
| Waist circumferences (cm) | 74.3 ± 0.07 c | 82.6 ± 0.07 a | 69.4 ± 0.09 d | 76.6 ± 0.14 b |
| Hip circumferences (cm) | 91.3 ± 0.05 b | 96.4 ± 0.05 a | 85.9 ± 0.06 d | 89.04 ± 0.08 c |
| Grip strength (kg) | 24.6 ± 0.08 a | 23.3 ± 0.06 b | 22.6 ± 0.09 c | 20.5 ± 0.13 d |
| Serum glucose (mg/dL) | 90.8 ± 0.19 d | 95.4 ± 0.19 b | 92.5 ± 0.28 c | 96.4 ± 0.70 a |
| Blood HBA1C (%) | 5.52 ± 0.01 d | 5.76 ± 0.01 b | 5.61 ± 0.01 c | 5.85 ± 0.02 a |
| Serum triglyceride (mg/dL) | 92.3 ± 0.87 d | 125 ± 0.77 b | 104 ± 1.04 c | 137 ± 2.07 a |
| Serum HDL (mg/dL) | 60.3 ± 0.19 b | 55.1 ± 0.12 c | 61.2 ± 0.25 a | 55.8 ± 0.36 c |
| GFR (mL/min) | 122 ± 0.28 a | 120 ± 0.21 b | 118 ± 0.34 c | 116 ± 0.59 d |
| Alcohol intake (g/day) | 6.89 ± 0.21 a | 6.39 ± 0.41 a | 4.81 ± 0.23 b | 3.14 ± 0.32 c |
HBA1c: Glycosylated hemoglobin, GFR: Estimated glomerular filtration rate, HDL: Serum high-density lipoprotein. HMLF: High ASM and low fat-per, HMHF: High SSM and high FM, LMLF: Low SSM and low FM, LMHF: Low SSM and high FM. The cutoffs of SMM and FM were 36 kg and 30%, respectively. After adjusting for age, gender, residence area, education, and income status, and BMI. a,b,c,d Different superscript letters on the means in the same row indicated significant differences between the groups by the Duncan test.