Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 May 27.
Published in final edited form as: J Hepatol. 2020 Sep 17;74(2):394–406. doi: 10.1016/j.jhep.2020.09.010

Fig. 7. SAMe reduces proteasome activity in cystic cholangiocytes and induces stress-related apoptosis in vitro.

Fig. 7.

(A) Relative proteasome activity of NHCs and PHCs under baseline conditions or SAMe treatment (n = 4). mRNA levels of (B) ubiquitin (C) autophagy markers (D) UPR sensors and effectors, and (E) apoptosis markers in the presence/absence of SAMe. (F) Apoptosis (n = 3) in untreated, SAMe-treated, MG132-treated, and combination of SAMe and MG132-treated PHCs. *p <0.05; **p <0.01; ***p <0.001 (one-way ANOVA or Kruskal-Wallis tests). NHCs, normal human cholangiocytes; PHCs, polycystic human cholangiocytes; SAMe, S-adenosylmethionine; UPR, unfolded protein response.