Table 1. Related work comparison.

Ref.	Title survey	Survey approach	Quality assessment	Research framework	Teaching and learning tools	Content	Targeted digital repositories
(Hwang & Tsai, 2011)	Research trends and Prediction of technology-based learning with the latest technology (i.e., devices or concepts)	Informal	×	×	√	×	SSCI
(Burston, 2013)	MOBILE-ASSISTED LANGUAGE LEARNING: A SELECTED ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY OF IMPLEMENTATION STUDIES 1994-2012	Informal	×	×	√	√	Google Scholar
(Liu et al., 2014)	A Look at Research on Mobile Learning in K–12 Education From 2007 to the Present	Systematic Search	×	×	√	√	15 Journals
(Sung, Chang & Liu, 2016)	The effects of integrating mobile devices with teaching and learning on students' learning performance: A meta-analysis and research synthesis	Systematic Search	×	×	√	×	ERIC, EBSCOhost, PsycINFO, JSTOR, and ProQuest
(Mahdi, 2018)	Effectiveness of Mobile Devices on Vocabulary Learning: A Meta-Analysis	Systematic Search and Snowballing	×	×	√	×	ERIC, IEEE Xplore, IGI, Proquest, Sage, ScienceDirect, and Springer Link
(Cho et al., 2018)	The Effects of Using Mobile Devices on Student Achievement in Language Learning: A Meta-Analysis	Systematic Search and Snowballing	×	√	×	×	ERIC, SSCI
This Study	Mobile-Assisted and Gamification-based Language Learning: A Systematic Literature Review	Systematic Search, Snowballing, and Quality Assessment	√	√	√	√	WoS Core Collection (High quality, more than ten rep.)