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. 2021 May 18;22(10):5292. doi: 10.3390/ijms22105292

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Regulation of RBPs in miRNA biogenesis and processing. Pri-miRNAs are transcribed mainly by RNA polymerase II. The processing of pri-miRNA is mediated by a complex formed between Drosha and DGCR8, called Microprocessor, to generate pre-miRNA. TDP-43 facilitates the association of the Drosha complex with pri-miRNAs, whereas FUS and EWS promote Drosha recruitment to chromatin. HuR-mediated Msi2 binding to pri-miRNA inhibits Drosha cleavage. The function of hnRNP A1 is complexed, since it contributes to either the inhibition or stimulation of processing, which depends on the pri-miRNA. After pre-miRNAs are exported through the binding of Exportin-5 with RAN-GTP, pre-miRNAs are processed by Dicer. The processing of pre-miRNAs is facilitated by TDP-43 through the binding of Dicer with pre-miRNAs, whereas Dicer expression is negatively regulated by AUF1. On the other hand, TDP-43 negatively regulates the formation of miRISC from the Ago protein. PABP binds to the poly(A) region of target mRNA and promotes miRISC recruitment.