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. 2021 May 18;10(5):797. doi: 10.3390/antiox10050797

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© 2021 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Human Gingival Mesenchymal Stem Cells (hGMSCs) characterization. (A) Antigen expression quantification by flow cytometry in human Gingival Mesenchymal Stem Cells (hGMSCs). Cells do not express hematopoietic antigens CD14, CD34 and CD45 and co-express CD73, CD90 and CD105. (B) Differentiation assay: cultured hGMSCs were induced to differentiate into adipocytes and osteoblast. Adipogenic differentiation was demonstrated by lipid vacuole detection with the lipid adipo oil red staining; and calcium deposits in the osteoblast differentiation were detected with alizarin red staining. Graph bars showed the expression of specific markers in cells undergoing adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation. Results represent three independent experiments performed in triplicate (n = 3). MSC: mesenchymal stem cell; nd: not detectable; FABP4: fatty acid-binding protein 4; PPARγ: peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ; RUNX-2: Runt-related transcription factor-2; ALP: alkaline phosphatase. Scale bar: 20 µm. ** p < 0.01.