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. 2021 May 26;9:123. doi: 10.1186/s40168-021-01067-0

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 1 — Benzonase digest efficiently depletes DNA from dead bacteria and free bacterial DNA in skin mock community samples. Microbial DNA was extracted using a a Benzonase-digest approach (BDA) or b without Benzonase pre-digest (NDA). Relative OTU abundance of reads obtained from amplified 16S rRNA genes are shown. The mock community consists of living bacteria (live, left), including heat-inactivated (hi, middle) bacteria (P. aeruginosa and P. mirabilis) and additional free B. simplex DNA (hi DNA, right). c Relative abundances of P. aeruginosa and d P. mirabilis subjected (hi) or not (live) to heat inactivation before DNA extraction based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing of mock communities. p values were calculated using Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test. * p ≤ 0.05, ** p ≤ 0.01, *** p ≤ 0.001. e As panel c, but showing free DNA of B. simplex, spiked in before DNA extraction. f Principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) plot of β-diversities for different skin mock communities extracted using BDA or NDA