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. 2021 May 17;30:e37. doi: 10.1017/S2045796021000196

Table 1.

Overview of outcome measures, data source and analytical procedures

Outcome measure Stratification Estimation Data sources
Prevalence of mental disorders in PLWH
12-month prevalence of mental disorders in PLWH By year Notation: α(y) defined as the 12-month prevalence of mental disorders in PLWH in year y

Equations for estimation are provided in Appendix A
  • •

    Estimates for the prevalence of HIV and mental disorders in adults aged 15–49 years in South Africa from the Global Burden of Diseases study (IHME, 2018)

  • •

    A literature estimate for excess mental disorders in HIV-positive compared with HIV-negative populations (Adewuya et al., 2007)
Mental health service utilisation among PLWH receiving ART
Rates of treatment for mental disorders For (1) pharmacological, (2) inpatient or (3) any treatment by year and type of care Number of treatment events divided by person-years under follow-up
  • •
    HIV programme data
    • o
      Source: IeDEA (Chammartin et al., 2020)
    • o
      Variables: Sex, type of care, date of birth, ART initiation, death, transfer, clinic visit dates, CD4 cell count
  • •
    Pharmacy data
    • o
      Sources: Dispensing records from PHDC (public care) (Boulle et al., 2019) and claim data from the medical insurance fund claim database (private care)
    • o
      Variables: Date and ATC code of prescribed medication
    • •
      Hospital data
    • o
      Sources: Hospital discharge records from PHDC (public care) (Boulle et al., 2019) and hospital claim data from the medical insurance fund claim database (private care)
    • o
      Variables: Admission and discharge date, ICD-10 diagnosis, ward information
Adjusted rate ratios for treatment of mental disorders Comparing (1) the incidence of inpatient treatment of psychotic, mood, anxiety or any mental disorders, and (2) the incidence of pharmacological treatment with antipsychotics, antidepressants, anxiolytics or any psychiatric medication by type of care, sex, age and CD4 cell count Multivariable Poisson regression adjusted for type of care, sex, age, year and CD4 cell count at baseline
12-month prevalence of treatment for mental disorders For (1) pharmacological, (2) inpatient or (3) any treatment by year and type of care Inline graphic

where Tt(y, c) is the number of patients in type of care c who received treatment for a mental disorder of type t in year y, and N(y, c) is the total number of completed 12-month intervals in year y in type of care c
Treatment gap for mental disorders in PLWH receiving ART
Treatment gap for mental disorders in PLWH receiving ART By year and type of care Inline graphic

where Pany(y, c) is the 12-month prevalence of any treatment for a mental disorder in year y and type of care c
  • •

    The estimated 12-month prevalence of mental disorders in PLWH, i.e. α(y)

  • •

    The estimated 12-month prevalence of any treatment for a mental disorder in PLWH, i.e. Pany(y, c)

PLWH, people living with HIV; ART, antiretroviral therapy; IeDEA, International epidemiology Databases to Evaluate AIDS; PHDC, Western Cape Provincial Health Data Centre.