Table 1.
Demographic characteristics of respondents; N = 169 061a
| The number of lost teeth | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 (coded 0) | 1–5 (coded 3) | 6–27 (coded 16.5) | 28 (coded 28) | |||||
| N | 84 347 | 54 866 | 20 866 | 8982 | ||||
| n/mean | %/s.d. | n/mean | %/s.d. | n/mean | %/s.d. | n/mean | %/s.d. | |
| Total score of PHQ-8 | 2.74 | 3.71 | 3.57 | 4.50 | 5.19 | 5.66 | 5.48 | 5.95 |
| Possible major depression (PHQ-8 ⩾ 10) | ||||||||
| No | 79 391 | 94.1% | 49 379 | 90.0% | 16 808 | 80.6% | 7053 | 78.5% |
| Yes | 4956 | 5.9% | 5487 | 10.0% | 4058 | 19.4% | 1929 | 21.5% |
| Fluoride exposure in childhoodb | 3.31 | 3.56 | 2.81 | 3.37 | 2.36 | 3.13 | 2.02 | 2.89 |
| Age at survey | 46.82 | 10.55 | 51.33 | 10.22 | 55.56 | 8.88 | 58.35 | 7.94 |
| Gender | ||||||||
| Men | 32 360 | 38.4% | 22 054 | 40.2% | 7778 | 37.3% | 3262 | 36.3% |
| Women | 51 987 | 61.6% | 32 812 | 59.8% | 13 088 | 62.7% | 5720 | 63.7% |
| Wave of survey | ||||||||
| 2006 | 50 066 | 59.4% | 29 646 | 54.0% | 10 857 | 52.0% | 4383 | 48.8% |
| 2008 | 13 550 | 16.1% | 9327 | 17.0% | 3332 | 16.0% | 1452 | 16.2% |
| 2010 | 20 731 | 24.6% | 15 893 | 29.0% | 6677 | 32.0% | 3147 | 35.0% |
PHQ-8, the eight-item Patient Health Questionnaire depression scale; s.d., standard deviation.
a
36 states were included: Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Hawaii, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Louisiana, Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Mexico, North Dakota, Oklahoma, Oregon, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, West Virginia, Wisconsin and Wyoming.
b
Sum of the proportion of people supplied with fluoridated water in the county of residence during the age of 5–14 years.