Figure 4.

The effect of low concentrations of the β₂-agonist indacaterol (10 nM) and the anticholinergic glycopyrrolate (1 nM) alone and combined on methacholine (MCh)-induced constrictions of large (A,C,E) and small (B,D,F) airways in lung slices obtained from guinea pigs that have been challenged twice weekly for 12 weeks with either saline (A,B) or LPS (C,D). Lung slices were incubated with indacaterol (10 nM), glycopyrrolate (1 nM) or the combination of both and the constriction of large (>150 μm) and small (<150 μm) airways to increasing concentrations of methacholine (MCh) was determined by measuring the luminal area as a percentage of baseline. Data are represented as means ± SEM of 6–10 guinea pigs (see also Table 4).