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. 2021 May 10;118(20):e2021063118. doi: 10.1073/pnas.2021063118

Fig. 5.

Fig. 5.

Insulin-like peptide INS-31 is required for intestinal innate immunity activity in the BWM. (A) qRT-PCR analysis of ins-31 messenger RNA levels in indicated genotype worms exposed to PA14. Data are presented as means ± SEM. (B) Survival of wild-type and ins-31(ok3543) animals or of wild-type worms treated with control or ins-31 RNA interference vector exposed to PA14. (C) Survival of wild-type, ins-31(ok3543), and transgene-expressing INS-31 under the control of endogenous, muscle (Pmyo-3)-, or intestine (Pges-1)-specific promoters, respectively, in ins-31(3543) animals exposed to PA14. (D and E) Schematic diagram (D) and representative images (E) of NLS-tagged GFP or mCherry under the control of the ins-31 or muscle-specific promoters, respectively. Statistical significance was determined by one-way ANOVA tests followed by Bonferroni’s multiple comparison tests (A) or log-rank test for survival assays (B and C). *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001; n.s., not significant. Arrowhead indicates the nucleus of the BWM. (Scale bar, 10 μm.)