Table 1.
Distribution of the patients (N = 1664) by demographic and clinical characteristics and AKI definition
| Covariate | Levels |
Patient Characteristics |
AKI by Definition 1a, n (%) |
AKI by Definition 1b, n (%) |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Frequency(n) | Percent ofTotal | Yes | No | Yes | No | ||
| Sex | Female | 566 | 34.01 | 17 (3%) | 549 (97%) | 25 (4.4%) | 541 (95.6%) |
| Male | 1098 | 65.99 | 41 (3.7%) | 1057 (96.3%) | 47 (4.3%) | 1051 (95.7%) | |
| Race/ethnicity | Asian | 12 | 0.72 | 2 (16.7%) | 10 (83.3%) | 3 (25%) | 9 (75%) |
| Black or African American | 10 | 0.60 | 0 (0%) | 10 (100%) | 0 (0%) | 10 (100%) | |
| White or Caucasian | 1642 | 98.68 | 56 (3.4%) | 1586 (96.6%) | 69 (4.2%) | 1573 (95.8%) | |
| Drug | Atezolizumab | 22 | 1.32 | 0 (0%) | 22 (100%) | 0 (0%) | 22 (100%) |
| Ipilimumab | 474 | 28.49 | 18 (3.8%) | 456 (96.2%) | 21 (4.4%) | 453 (95.6%) | |
| Ipilimumab/nivolumab | 159 | 9.56 | 8 (5%) | 151 (95%) | 10 (6.3%) | 149 (93.7%) | |
| Ipilimumab/pembrolizumab | 242 | 14.54 | 23 (9.5%) | 219 (90.5%) | 28 (11.6%) | 214 (88.4%) | |
| Nivolumab | 331 | 19.89 | 4 (1.2%) | 327 (98.8%) | 9 (2.7%) | 322 (97.3%) | |
| Pembrolizumab | 436 | 26.20 | 5 (1.1%) | 431 (98.9%) | 4 (0.9%) | 432 (99.1%) | |
| Coronary artery disease (CAD) | No | 1661 | 99.82 | 58 (3.5%) | 1603 (96.5%) | 72 (4.3%) | 1589 (95.7%) |
| Yes | 3 | 0.18 | 0 (0%) | 3 (100%) | 0 (0%) | 3 (100%) | |
| Congestive heart failure (CHF) | No | 1658 | 99.64 | 58 (3.5%) | 1600 (96.5%) | 72 (4.3%) | 1586 (95.7%) |
| Yes | 6 | 0.36 | 0 (0%) | 6 (100%) | 0 (0%) | 6 (100%) | |
| Hypertension | No | 1213 | 72.90 | 49 (4%) | 1164 (96%) | 58 (4.8%) | 1155 (95.2%) |
| Yes | 451 | 27.10 | 9 (2%) | 442 (98%) | 14 (3.1%) | 437 (96.9%) | |
| Liver disease/cirrhosis | No | 1653 | 99.34 | 57 (3.4%) | 1596 (96.6%) | 71 (4.3%) | 1582 (95.7%) |
| Yes | 11 | 0.66 | 1 (9.1%) | 10 (90.9%) | 1 (9.1%) | 10 (90.9%) | |
| PVD | No | 1658 | 99.64 | 58 (3.5%) | 1600 (96.5%) | 71 (4.3%) | 1587 (95.7%) |
| Yes | 6 | 0.36 | 0 (0%) | 6 (100%) | 1 (16.7%) | 5 (83.3%) | |
| NSAIDs | No | 1531 | 93.81 | 52 (3.3%) | 1479 (96.6%) | 61 (3.9%) | 1470 (96%) |
| Yes | 101 | 6.19 | 6 (5.9%) | 95 (94.1%) | 11 (10.9%) | 90 (89.1%) | |
| No. of PPIs | 0 | 1366 | 83.70 | 41 (2.9%) | 1350 (97.1%) | 50 (3.7%) | 1316 (96.3%) |
| 1 | 266 | 16.30 | 17 (6.4%) | 249 (93.6%) | 22 (8.3%) | 244 (91.7%) | |
| Baseline eGFR | ≥60 ml/min/1.73 m2 | 1383 | 84.74 | 51 (3.7%) | 1332 (96.3%) | 65 (4.7%) | 1318 (95.3%) |
| <60 ml/min/1.73 m2 | 249 | 15.26 | 7 (2.8%) | 242 (97.2%) | 7 (2.8%) | 242 (97.2%) | |
AKI, acute kidney injury; CAD, coronary artery disease; CHF, congestive heart failure; GFR, glomerular filtration rate; NSAID, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug; PPI, proton pump inhibitor; PVD, peripheral vascular disease.