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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Mar 1.
Published in final edited form as: Appl Psycholinguist. 2020 Nov 11;42(Suppl 2):527–548. doi: 10.1017/s0142716420000533

Table 1.

Mean interference effects (incongruent - neutral RT) and participant demographics across groups in a study examining the effects of bilingual experience and music experience on cognitive control.

Bilinguals (N = 43) Musicians (N = 42) Bilingual Musicians (N = 69) Control (N = 65)
Interference (ms; Simon)* 14.47 (2.58) 17.16 (2.66) 16.71 (2.34) 28.68 (2.58)
Age (years)* 22.30 (4.05) 22.21 (3.42) 20.60 (2.86) 22.88 (4.03)
IQ (WASI)* 109.16 (8.59) 114.74 (9.92) 113.55 (9.56) 111.67 (11.39)
Digit Span (CTOPP)* 16.12 (3.00) 17.69 (1.54) 17.47 (2.76) 17.55 (2.46)

Note. Values in parentheses represent standard errors of mean differences for Interference and standard deviations for Age, IQ, and Digit Span. Asterisks indicate significant group differences at p < .05. Adapted from Schroeder et al., 2016.