Table 2.
Summary of plant immune activation by OMVs/MVs from different bacterial species
| Genus/speciesa |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pst | Pf | Pa | ETEC | Sa | |
| Visible phenotype? | N | N | N | N | Nb |
| Induces ICS1? | Y | N | N | N | N |
| Leads to SA accumulation | Y | – | – | – | – |
| Stunts seedling growth? | Y | Y | Y | Yc | Yc |
| Differential MAPK phosphorylation? | Y | Y | – | – | – |
| Protects against bacterial challenge? | Y | Y | N | Y | N |
| Protects against H. arabidopsidis challenge? | Y | Y | – | – | – |
| Protects against P. infestans challenge? | Yd | Y | – | – | – |
a
OMVs/MVs were isolated from the indicated species and applied to plants. Immune activity was measured using a variety of assays. Y: activity present in OMVs/MVs; N: activity absent in OMVs/MVs; –: activity not tested for these conditions.
b
Water-soaking phenotype observed in 3-week-old plants at 1 h postinfiltration but returned to normal plant physiology by 3 h post-infiltration.
c
Seedling growth was stunted to a level between that of buffer and 5× Pst OMVs.
d
Pre-treatment with Pst OMVs induced significant water soaking, possibly destroying leaf tissue and thereby preventing P. infestans growth.