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. 2021 May 18;13(5):935. doi: 10.3390/v13050935

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© 2021 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Mutation rate $R_{i}$ of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein variants i observed in the GISAID database [46] as a function of (a) the predicted change in folding free energy $Δ Δ G_{i}^{S}$ (in kcal/mol) and (b) the predicted fitness contribution $ϕ_{i}^{S}$ .