Fig 3.

Illustrative example of relation between findings from the literature synthesis and expert consensus studies for mechanisms of action “Reinforcement.” Each dot represents one behavior change technique (BCT; with BCTTv1 label). The line represents the prediction from the multilevel model omitting BCTs for which p = 1 in the literature synthesis study (but the expert consensus values for such BCTs are shown). The BCTs labeled are: BCT 10.3 = nonspecific reward; BCT 10.4 = social reward; and BCT 4.1 = instruction on how to perform the behavior.