Skip to main content
. 2021 May 18;10(10):2187. doi: 10.3390/jcm10102187

Figure 4.

Figure 4

Effect of IBSR intervention on the four sections of Overall Assessment of the Speaker’s Experience of Stuttering-Adults (OASES-A) in comparison to control group. (a) OASES-A-I. General information: describes general perspectives about stuttering such as perceived fluency, speech naturalness and knowledge about stuttering (b) OASES-A-II. Reactions to stuttering: illustrates speaker’s affective, behavioral and cognitive reactions to stuttering (c) OASES-A-III. Daily communication: presents the speaker’s degree of difficulty in various daily communication situations (d) OASES-A-IV. Quality of life: describes how much stuttering affects the speaker’s quality of life. Data are displayed as mean score + standard deviation. * p < 0.05. T1 = before intervention, T2 = after intervention, and T3 = one month after intervention. Impact rating score rates the severity of the stuttering experience: mild (1.00–1.49), mild–moderate )1.50–2.24), moderate (2.25–2.99), moderate–severe (3.00–3.74), and severe (3.75–5.00).