Table 1.
Noble metal nanomaterials and their application to virus biosensors.
| Core noble metal nanomaterials | Techniques | Target virus | Analyte | Limit of detection | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AuNPs | Electrochemical (DPV) | SARS-CoV-2 | Nucleic acids (RNA) | 200 copies/mL | Zhao et al., 2021 |
| Electrochemical (DPV) | SARS-CoV-2 | Protein | 7.8 × 10−1 pg/mL | Mahari et al., 2020 | |
| Electrochemical (SWV) | MERS-CoV | Protein | 0.4 pg/mL | Layqah and Eissa, 2019 | |
| Optical (Fluorescence) | Influenza virus | Protein | 1.7 × 10−2 pg/mL | Nasrin et al., 2020 | |
| Optical (SERS) | Influenza virus | Protein | 6.7 × 103 pg/mL | Maneeprakorn et al., 2016 | |
| AgNPs | Electrochemical (LSV) | Influenza virus | Protein | 1.6 pg/mL | Huang et al., 2016 |
| Optical (Colorimetry) | MERS-CoV | Nucleic acids (DNA) | 1.53 nM | Teengam et al., 2017 | |
| Optical (SERS) | SARS-CoV | Protein | 1 pg/mL | Liu et al., 2021 | |
| PtNPs | Electrochemical (DPV) | Influenza virus | Protein | 7.6 × 10−1 pg/mL | Yang et al., 2016 |
| Optical (Colorimetry) | Influenza virus | Protein | 2.5 × 10−2 HAU/mL | Matsumura et al., 2018 |