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. 2021 May 19;9(5):1089. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms9051089

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© 2021 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Evaluation of autophagosome formation in promastigotes of Leishmania following treatment with MG132. (A) Promastigotes of Leishmania expressing GFP-ATG8 were treated or not with MG132 (3 μM) and imaged by fluorescence microscopy. (B) The percentage of cells bearing autophagosomes was calculated after treatment with 17-AAG (500 nM) or MG132 (3 μM) for 24 and 48 h. Bars represent mean ± SD of three independent experiments (One-way ANOVA, Tukey’s multiple comparisons test, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001).