Table 1. Biological Activity and Cytotoxicity Data of Synthesized Compounds 9a–i, 10a–h, and 11a–d^a.

					selectivity index (SI)
s. no.	compounds code	IC50Pf3D7 (μM)	IC50PfK1 (μM)	cytotoxicity CC50 (μM) in VERO cell line	Pf3D7	PfK1
1	9a	0.06 ± 0.0	0.26 ± 0	36.57	610	61
2	9b	1.16 ± 0.26	1.19 ± 0.53	50.77	44	43
3	9c	0.15 ± 0.14	0.42 ± 0.23	69.52	463	166
4	9d	0.08 ± 0.0	0.18 ± 0.15	47	588	261
5	9e	0.23 ± 0.10	0.54 ± 0.03	60.28	262	112
6	9f	2.72 ± 1.44	2.25 ± 0.77	68.62	25	30
7	9g	2.0 ± 0.06	2.04 ± 0.40	42.63	21	21
8	9h	1.24 ± 0.0	1.60 ± 0.91	51.95	42	33
9	9i	3.80 ± 1.05	2.5 ± 1.03	51.37	14	21
10	10a	1.20 ± 0.78	1.38 ± 0.07	33.50	28	24
11	10b	0.28 ± 0.13	0.49 ± 0.15	69.69	348	142
12	10c	0.06 ± 0.16	0.10 ± 0.5	57.79	963	577
13	10d	0.21 ± 0.11	0.33 ± 0.06	79.05	376	240
14	10e	3.89 ± 0.50	ND	ND	NA	NA
15	10f	1.37 ± 0.52	ND	ND	NA	NA
16	10g	0.68 ± 0.16	1.77 ± 0.0	39.21	58	22
17	10h	1.75 ± 0.16	ND	ND	NA	NA
18	11a	0.04 ± 0.0	0.06 ± 0.04	106.91	274	1782
19	11b	0.19 ± 0.0	0.11 ± 0.07	80.22	422	729
20	11c	0.88 ± 0.28	0.82 ± 0.06	>200	>227	>243
21	11d	0.09 ± 0.02	0.31 ± 0.15	78.22	978	252
22	chloroquine (reference drug)	0.003 ± 0.25	0.795 ± 0.15	513	171 000	645

^aParasite inhibition experiment was performed in chloroquine-sensitive strain (3D7, MRA-151) and multidrug-resistant strain (K1, MRA-159). Cytotoxicity experiment was performed in VERO cells. IC₅₀ and CC₅₀ are the half-maximal inhibitory and cytotoxic concentrations, respectively. Chloroquine (CQ), was used as a reference compound in the parasite inhibition assay. Podophyllotoxin is used as a reference compound for cytotoxicity in VERO cells (CC₅₀ 4 μM). Selectivity index (SI) is calculated as the ratio of CC₅₀/IC₅₀.