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. 2021 May 13;12:673021. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.673021

Table 1.

Baseline characteristics of AE patients.

AE (n=20) MSARD (n=13) NIND (n=20) P value
Demographic data
 Median age, years
 Female to Male ratio, %
 Death, n (%)
67.7 ± 9.1
45
3 (15)
54 ± 6
46
n/a
63.5 ± 13.2
40
n/a
<0.05
0.93
Clinical data
 Seizure, n (%)
 Altered consciousness, n (%)
 Abnormal behavior, n (%)
 Memory deficit, n (%)
 Movement disorder, n (%)
 Sleep disorder, n (%)
 Median mRS
 Median CASE
 ICU admission, n (%)
 Active neoplasm, n (%)
13 (65)
6 (30)
15 (75)
18 (90)
6 (30)
2 (10)
3 ± 0.25
9 ± 2.25
5 (25)
2 SCLC (10)
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
Biological data
 Median NLR
 Median CSF protein (g/L), [range]
 Median CSF WBC count (/µL), [range]
 Median IgG index, [range]
 CSF OCBs, n (%)
 Antibody type
  Anti-LGI1 Ab, n (%)
  Other Ab subtype, n (%)
  Seronegative LE, n (%)
4.2 ± 2.6
0.41 [0.2 – 1.39]
1 [0 – 181]
0.62 [0.42 – 1.57]
4 (20)

10 (50)
8 (40)
2 (10)
2.1 ± 1.4
0.37 [0.2 – 0.61]
2 [0 – 12]
0.92 [0.55 – 1.99]
9 (69)

n/a
n/a
n/a
1.8 ± 1.1
0.32 [0.11 – 0.62]
0 [0 – 3]
0.56 [0.41 – 0.77]
0 (0)

n/a
n/a
n/a
<0.001
0.40
<0.01
<0.001
<0.0001
MRI data
 Specific T2 hyperintensities, n (%)
15 (75)
n/a
n/a
Treatment data
 First line treatment, n (%)
  Steroids, n (%)
  IVIg, n (%)
  Plasma exchange, n (%)
 Second line treatment, n (%)
  Rituximab, n (%)
  Cyclophosphamide, n (%)
20 (100)
7 (35)
17 (85)
0 (0)
15 (75)
7 (35)
10 (50)
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a

AE, autoimmune encephalitis; MSARD, multiple sclerosis and related disorders; NIND, non inflammatory neurological disease; NLR, serum neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio; OCBs, oligoclonal bands; IVIg, intravenous immune globulins; SCLC, small cell lung cancer; Other Ab subtype, 2 anti-GABABR Ab, 2 anti-IgLON5 Ab, 1 anti-GABAAR Ab, 1 anti-CASPR2 Ab; 1 anti-AK5 Ab and 1 Undefined neuronal cell surface Ab.