Table 2. Associations between time in range 70–180 mg/dL and 28-day mortality using logistic regression models.
| HbA1c <6.5% | HbA1c ≥6.5% | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time in range | Mortality / n | Mortality rate | Unadjusted OR | Adjusted OR* | Mortality / n | Mortality rate | Unadjusted OR | Adjusted OR* | |
| (95%CI) | (95%CI) | (95%CI) | (95%CI) | ||||||
| Time in range (threshold at 80%) | |||||||||
| <80% | 124 / 394 | 32% | 2.23 (1.65–3.01) | 2.21 (1.60–3.05) | 59 / 192 | 31% | 0.78 (0.42–1.45) | 0.64 (0.30–1.37) | |
| ≥80% | 100 / 586 | 17% | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) | 21 / 58 | 36% | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) | |
| Time in range (10% incremental category) | |||||||||
| <60% | 78 / 205 | 38% | 3.76 (2.53–5.58) | 3.62 (2.36–5.53) | 56 / 160 | 35% | 1.77 (0.71–4.38) | 1.19 (0.40–3.53) | |
| 60%-69% | 24 / 86 | 28% | 2.40 (1.39–4.16) | 2.39 (1.33–4.28) | 1 / 13 | 8% | 0.27 (0.03–2.49) | 0.13 (0.01–1.42) | |
| 70%-79% | 22 / 103 | 21% | 1.67 (0.96–2.88) | 1.63 (0.92–2.91) | 2 / 19 | 11% | 0.39 (0.07–2.10) | 0.14 (0.02–0.97) | |
| 80%-89% | 43 / 178 | 24% | 1.96 (1.26–3.06) | 1.83 (1.14–2.93) | 14 / 28 | 50% | 3.29 (1.07–10.1) | 1.81 (0.46–7.06) | |
| ≥90% | 57 / 408 | 14% | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) | 7 / 30 | 23% | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) | |
| Time in range (10% decremental) | 1.21 (1.14–1.29) | 1.20 (1.12–1.28) | 1.02 (0.94–1.12) | 1.08 (0.96–1.21) | |||||
| Time in range (quartile category) | |||||||||
| Q1 (<53%) | 60 / 156 | 39% | 4.07 (2.55–6.48) | 3.73 (2.26–6.14) | 53 / 151 | 35% | 1.71 (0.64–4.55) | 1.21 (0.36–4.05) | |
| Q2 (53%-80%) | 70 / 260 | 27% | 2.42 (1.57–3.74) | 2.28 (1.44–3.61) | 6 / 44 | 14% | 0.50 (0.14–1.76) | 0.17 (0.04–0.76) | |
| Q3 (81%-93%) | 55 / 268 | 21% | 1.71 (1.09–2.67) | 1.57 (0.98–2.53) | 15 / 30 | 50% | 3.17 (0.99–10.1) | 2.06 (0.49–8.75) | |
| Q4 (≥94%) | 39 / 296 | 13% | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) | 6 / 25 | 24% | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) | |
*Logistic regression adjusted for age, sex, Charlson comorbidity index, APACHE Ⅱ score, and primary diagnosis category (sepsis, cerebrovascular diseases, cardiac diseases, cardiac arrest, respiratory diseases, gastrointestinal diseases, trauma, postoperative, and others).
APACHE, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation; HbA1c, glycosylated hemoglobin; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval.