Table 1. Demographic characteristics of the cohorts.
| COVID (n=134) | EDFLU (n=54) | ISF (n=22) | Yale, LT cohort (n=23) | Yale, CS cohort (n=49) | |
| Demographics | |||||
| Age in years, mean +/− SD | 63 ± 16 | 53 ± 17 | 54 ± 17 | 65 ± 12 | 63 ± 17 |
| Gender | |||||
| Female | 41% (55) | 50% (27) | 50% (11) | 39% (9) | 33% (16) |
| Male | 59% (79) | 50% (27) | 50% (11) | 61% (14) | 67% (33) |
| Ethnicity | |||||
| Black or African American | 79.1% (106) | 54.5% (12) | 26% (6) | 24.5% (12) | |
| White | 19.4% (26) | 40.9% (9) | 52% (12) | 51% (25) | |
| Other | 1.5% (2) | 4.5% (1) | 21% (5)c | 24.5% (12)c | |
| Clinical Characteristics | |||||
| Hospital Admission | 92.5% (124) | 96.3% (52) | 100.0% (22) | 100% (23) | 100% (49) |
| ICU Admission | 53.7% (72) | 24.1% (13) | 100.0% (22) | 61% (14) | 82% (40) |
| IMV | 21.6% (29) | 11.1% (6) | 100.0% (22) | 9% (2) | 53% (26) |
| In-Hospital Mortality | 22.4% (30) | 3.7% (2) | 36.4% (8) | 30% (7) | 24.5 (12) |
| Comorbidities | |||||
| Smoking Historya | 46.3% (62) | - | 63.6% (14) | 65% (15) | 8% (4) |
| Chronic Lung Disease | 19.4% (26) | 22.2% (12) | 13.6% (3) | 35% (8) | 10% (5) |
| End-stage renal disease (ESRD)b | 6% (8) | 7.4% (4) | 4.5% (1) | 4% (1) | 4% (2) |
| Diabetes mellitus, type 2 | 52.2% (70) | 35.2% (19) | 18.2% (4) | 39% (9) | 27% (13) |
Abbreviations: COVID-19: subjects with SARS-CoV-2 infection; CS: cross-sectional; ICU: intensive care unit; EDFLU: Barnes Jewish Hospital Emergency Department Influenza; ISF: Immunity in Pneumonia and Sepsis; LT: longitudinal; SD: standard deviation.
a Current or former smoker. Smoking history was unavailable for the EDFLU cohort.
b Based on chronic dialysis requirement.
c Hispanic/Latino, Asian, and unknown.