Table 1.
Baseline clinical and biological characteristics of MM patients.
| Characteristics | All patients | Normal PT and APTT | Lengthened PT or APTT | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| n = 354 | n = 200 | n = 154 | ||
| n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | ||
| Sex | ||||
| Male | 196 (55.4) | 113 (56.5) | 83 (53.9) | 0.625 |
| Female | 158 (44.6) | 87 (43.5) | 71 (46.1) | |
| Age | ||||
| ≤65 years | 237 (66.9) | 138 (69.0) | 99 (64.3) | 0.350 |
| >65 years | 117 (33.1) | 62 (31.0) | 55 (35.7) | |
| MM subtype | ||||
| IgG | 159 (44.9) | 80 (40.0) | 79 (51.3) | 0.000 |
| IgA | 83 (23.4) | 34 (17.0) | 49 (31.8) | |
| IgD | 17 (4.8) | 11 (5.5) | 6 (3.9) | |
| Light chain only | 85 (24.0) | 69 (34.5) | 16 (10.4) | |
| Nonsecretory | 10 (2.8) | 6 (3.0) | 4 (2.6) | |
| Light chain | ||||
| κ | 173 (50.3) | 102 (52.6) | 71 (47.3) | 0.335 |
| λ | 171 (49.7) | 92 (47.4) | 79 (52.7) | |
| ISS stage | ||||
| I | 46 (13.0) | 32 (16.0) | 14 (9.1) | 0.086 |
| II | 136 (38.4) | 79 (39.5) | 57 (37.0) | |
| III | 172 (48.6) | 89 (44.5) | 83 (53.9) | |
| R-ISS stage | ||||
| I | 32 (10.2) | 21 (12.2) | 11 (7.7) | 0.139 |
| II | 220 (70.1) | 123 (71.5) | 97 (68.3) | |
| III | 62 (19.7) | 28 (16.3) | 34 (23.9) | |
| Serum albumin | ||||
| <35 g/L | 200 (56.7) | 91 (45.7) | 109 (70.8) | 0.000 |
| ≥35 g/L | 153 (43.3) | 108 (54.3) | 45 (29.2) | |
| Serum β2-microglobulin | ||||
| <3.5 mg/L | 98 (29.9) | 66 (36.1) | 32 (22.1) | 0.006 |
| ≥3.5 mg/L | 230 (70.1) | 117 (63.9) | 113 (77.9) | |
| Hemoglobin | ||||
| <100 g/L | 235 (66.6) | 113 (56.5) | 122 (79.7) | 0.000 |
| ≥100 g/L | 118 (33.4) | 87 (43.5) | 31 (20.3) | |
| Platelet | ||||
| <100 × 109/L | 53 (15.0) | 21 (10.5) | 32 (20.9) | 0.007 |
| ≥100 × 109/L | 300 (85.0) | 179 (89.5) | 121 (79.1) | |
| Serum creatinine | ||||
| <88.4 μmol/L | 200 (56.7) | 119 (59.8) | 81 (52.6) | 0.176 |
| ≥88.4 μmol/L | 153 (43.3) | 80 (40.2) | 73 (47.4) | |
| Corrected serum calcium | ||||
| ≤2.75 mmol/L | 308 (87.3) | 179 (89.9) | 129 (83.8) | 0.084 |
| >2.75 mmol/L | 45 (12.7) | 20 (10.1) | 25 (16.2) | |
| Lactate dehydrogenase | ||||
| <250 U/L | 298 (84.9) | 170 (85.9) | 128 (83.7) | 0.568 |
| ≥250 U/L | 53 (15.1) | 28 (14.1) | 25 (16.3) | |
| Deep and full immunoparesis | ||||
| Yes | 106 (41.9) | 53 (40.2) | 53 (43.8) | 0.557 |
| No | 147 (58.1) | 79 (59.8) | 68 (56.2) | |
| Cytogenetic abnormalities by FISH | ||||
| del(17p13) | ||||
| Abnormality | 22 (9.0) | 9 (7.0) | 13 (11.2) | 0.255 |
| No abnormality | 222 (91.0) | 119 (93.0) | 103 (88.8) | |
| t(14; 16) | ||||
| Abnormality | 5 (2.0) | 2 (1.6) | 3 (2.6) | 0.573 |
| No abnormality | 239 (98.0) | 126 (98.4) | 113 (97.4) | |
| t(4; 14) | ||||
| Abnormality | 41 (16.8) | 22 (17.2) | 19 (16.4) | 0.866 |
| No abnormality | 203 (83.2) | 106 (82.8) | 97 (83.6) | |
| Induction regimes | ||||
| Bortezomib based | 144 (43.5) | 75 (39.3) | 69 (49.3) | 0.192 |
| IMiD based | 50 (15.1) | 31 (16.2) | 19 (13.6) | |
| Bortezomib and IMiD based | 137 (41.4) | 85 (44.5) | 52 (37.1) | |
| ASCT | ||||
| Yes | 78 (22.7) | 47 (24.0) | 31 (20.9) | 0.506 |
| No | 266 (77.3) | 149 (76.0) | 117 (79.1) | |
Abbreviations: PT: prothrombin time; APTT: activated partial thromboplastin time; IMiD: immunomodulatory; ASCT: autologous stem cell transplant.