Table 1.

Study sample characteristics: Total sample and stratified by cancellation or avoidance of medical care during the first months of the COVID-19 pandemic

Characteristics	Total	Cancellation or avoidance of medical care
		Healthcare-initiated cancellation			Respondent-initiated cancellation			Respondent postponed help-seeking
		No	Yes	p	No	Yes	p	No	Yes	p
	n = 880	n = 623	n = 257		n = 773	n = 107		n = 811	n = 69
Sex, % female	50.3	47.7	56.8	0.02	50.2	51.4	0.90	49.6	59.4	0.15
Age, 62–102 years
< 70 years, %	36.4	35.5	38.5	0.68	36.0	39.3	0.66	36.4	36.2	0.66
70 – 79 years, %	44.3	45.1	42.4		44.9	40.2		44.6	40.6
≥ 80 years, %	19.3	19.4	19.1		19.1	20.6		19.0	23.2
Education
Low, %	10.7	10.8	10.5	0.33	10.7	10.3	0.08	10.2	15.9	0.07
Medium, %	31.5	32.9	28.0		32.7	22.4		32.4	20.3
High, %	57.8	56.3	61.5		56.5	67.3		57.3	63.8
Functional limitations
No limitations, %	55.5	58.7	47.5	< 0.01	56.3	49.5	0.26	57.1	36.2	< 0.01
Mild, %	29.7	26.8	36.6		28.7	36.4		28.7	40.6
Severe, %	14.9	14.4	16.0		15.0	14.0		14.2	23.2
Loneliness, %	48.6	47.4	51.8	0.27	48.9	46.7	0.75	47.7	59.4	0.08
Depressive symptoms, median (IQR)	5 (5)	5 (4)	6 (6)	< 0.01	5 (4)	6 (6.5)	< 0.01	5 (4)	8 (6)	< 0.01
Anxiety (HADS-A > 7), %	10.6	9.5	13.2	0.13	10.3	12.1	0.69	9.2	26.1	< 0.01
Multimorbidity, %	63.6	58.7	75.5	< 0.01	62.0	75.7	< 0.01	62.6	75.4	0.05
Frailty (FI ≥ 0.25), %	19.0	17.8	21.8	0.20	18.5	22.4	0.40	17.9	31.9	< 0.01
Quarantine, % yes	12.4	11.2	15.2	0.13	11.1	21.5	< 0.01	12.0	17.4	0.26

p values based on χ² tests and Mann–Whitney tests

IQR inter quartile range