Table 1.

General characteristics of included studies.

Study	Author	Year	Country	Ethnicity	Study design	SNP	Statin types	Duration on statin therapy	Population disease	Mean age in case/control, year (SD)	% Males in case/control	Type of case
1	Bai et al. [47]	2018	China	Asian	Cohort	rs2306283 rs4149056	Rosuvastatin	6 months	Coronary artery disease	61 (10.93)/63 (10.33)	71/76	Muscle symptom and CK elevation >4 times ULN
2	Willrich et al. [38]	2018	USA	Caucasian	Case-control	rs2306283 rs4149056	Various statins	N/A	Hyperlipidemia	66 (9.4)/66 (10.2)	57/57	Muscle symptom or elevation of CK activitya
3	Bakar et al. [39]	2017	UK	Caucasian	Cohort	rs4149056	Various statins Simvastatin (86%)	6 months	Cardiovascular disease	60 (1.1)/61 (0.58)	42/56	Muscle symptom and CK elevation >4–10 times ULNb
4	Liu et al. [49]	2017	China	Asian	Case-control	rs2306283	Various statins	6 months	Coronary artery disease	61 (10.81)/63 (10.72)	82/83	Muscle symptom or CK elevation >10 times ULN
5	Khine et al. [46]	2016	USA	Mixed ethnicity	Cohort	rs4149056	Various statins	3 months	Hypercholesterolemia	57 (3.5)/54 (4)	65/57	Muscle symptoms
6	Sai et al. [48]	2016	Japan	Asian	Case-control	rs4149056	Various statins	N/A	Patients with statin therapy	68 (9.9)/N/A	58/N/A	Muscle symptom with CK elevation >3–10 times ULN
7	Mirošević Skvrce et al. [40]	2015	Croatia	Caucasian	Case-control	rs2306283 rs4149056	Atorvastatin	N/A	Patients with atorvastatin therapy	56 (4.5)/60 (4.25)	50/50	Muscle symptom or CK elevation >4–10 times ULN
8	Ferrari et al. [41]	2014	Italy	Caucasian	Case-control	rs2306283 rs4149056	Various statins	N/A	Patients with statin therapy	62 (9.9)/61 (9.9)	39/39	CK elevation >3 times ULN
9	Carr et al. [26]	2013	UK	Caucasian	Case-control	rs4149056	Various statins	12 months	Patients with statin therapy	70 (10.4)/71 (8.7)	71/64	CK elevation >4 times ULN
10	Brunham et al. [42]	2012	The Netherlands	Caucasian	Case-control	rs4149056	Various statins	N/A	Patients with statin therapy	53 (13)/57 (12)	78/73	CK elevation >10 times ULN
11	Donnelly et al. [17]	2011	UK	Caucasian	Cohort	rs2306283 rs4149056	Various statins (simvastatin 61%)	12 months	Patients with statin therapy	64 (10.6)/N/A	51/N/A	CK elevation >1–3 times ULN
12	Marciante et al. [43]	2011	USA	Caucasian	Case-control	rs4149056	Cerevastatin	N/A	Patients with cerevastatin therapy	64 (10.6)/74 (4.1)	39/45	Muscle pain or weakness with CK elevation >10 times ULN
13	Linde et al. [44]	2010	USA	Caucasian	Cohort	rs4149056	Various statins	N/A	Patients with statin therapy	59 (10)/59 (13.8)	54/64	Muscle pain or weakness
14	Voora et al. [45]	2009	USA	Caucasian	RCT	rs4149056	Various statins	4 months	Hyperlipidemia	58 (10)/56 (11)	33/50	Muscle symptom or CK elevation >3 times ULN
15	Link et al. [18]	2008	UK	Caucasian	RCT	rs4149056	Simvastatin	12 months	Myocardial infarction	67 (9)/N/A	73/83	Muscle symptom and CK elevation >3–10 times ULN

CK creatine kinase, N/A not available, RCT randomized controlled trial, SD standard deviation, SNP single nucleotide polymorphism, ULN upper limit of normal.

^aReference range for CK: males: 0.884–885.712 μkat/l; females: 0.646–642.992 μkat/l.

^bReference ranges for CK: Male: 10–190 ULN; female 10–160 ULN.