Table 2.
Sociodemographic, economic, health and anthropometric characteristics of Mexican adults (n = 37,969) aged 18+ inhabiting urban areas of Mexico; data from the nationally representative, cross-sectional, 2012 ENSANUTa.
| Variable | Underweightb | Healthy weightb | Overweightb | Obeseb | Total N (%) | Mean BMI (kg/m2) (95% CI) | β (95% CI) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | |||||
| All | 618 (100) | 10,772 (100) | 14,122 (100) | 12,457 (100) | 37,969 (100) | |||
| Gender | ||||||||
| Men | 259 (42) | 5,324 (49) | 6,671 (47) | 4,421 (35) | 16,675 (44) | 27.37 (27.26, 27.48) | Ref | |
| Women | 359 (58) | 5,448 (51) | 7,451 (53) | 8,036 (64) | 21,294 (56) | 28.63 (28.52, 28.74) | 1.25 (1.11, 1.40) | <0.001 |
| Age | ||||||||
| 18–24 | 298 (48) | 3,306 (31) | 1,725 (12) | 1,067 (9) | 6,396 (17) | 25.29 (25.12, 25.47) | Ref | |
| 25–34 | 87 (14) | 2,194 (20) | 2,738 (19) | 2,197 (18) | 7,216 (19) | 27.86 (27.70, 28.03) | −2.57 (−2.80, −2.33) | <0.001 |
| 35–44 | 48 (8) | 1,623 (15) | 3,512 (25) | 3,391 (27) | 8,574 (23) | 29.29 (29.14, 29.43) | −3.99 (−4.21, −3.78) | <0.001 |
| 45–54 | 30 (5) | 1,142 (11) | 2,505 (18) | 2,739 (22) | 6,416 (17) | 29.59 (29.42, 29.77) | −4.30 (−4.53, −4.06) | <0.001 |
| 55–64 | 33 (5) | 920 (9) | 1,780 (13) | 1,734 (14) | 4,467 (12) | 29.13 (28.93, 29.32) | −3.83 (−4.08, −3.58) | <0.001 |
| 65+ | 122 (20) | 1,587 (15) | 1,862 (13) | 1,329 (11) | 4,900 (13) | 27.41 (27.21, 27.60) | −2.11 (−2.36, −1.86) | <0.001 |
| Physical activity | ||||||||
| Active | 29 (5) | 460 (4) | 619 (4) | 670 (5) | 1,778 (17) | 28.00 (27.82, 28.17) | Ref | |
| Moderately active | 19 (3) | 306 (3) | 390 (3) | 417 (3) | 1,132 (11) | 28.57 (28.10, 29.04) | −0.57 (−1.07, −0.07) | 0.024 |
| Inactive | 96 (15) | 2,260 (21) | 2,877 (20) | 2,451 (20) | 7,677 (20) | 28.57 (28.23, 28.90) | −0.57 (−0.96, −0.17) | 0.005 |
| Missing | 474 (77) | 7,746 (72) | 10,243 (72) | 8,919 (72) | 27,382 (52) | 28.03 (27.94, 28.12) | −0.03 (−0.22, 0.15) | 0.732 |
| Household SEPc | ||||||||
| Highest | 141 (32) | 2,575 (28) | 2,735 (20) | 2,008 (17) | 7,459 (21) | 27.28 (27.09, 27.46) | Ref | |
| Second highest | 86 (20) | 1,841 (20) | 2,758 (20) | 2,510 (21) | 7,195 (20) | 28.45 (28.28, 28.62) | −0.13 (−0.36, 0.09) | 0.246 |
| Middle | 71 (16) | 1,692 (18) | 2,751 (20) | 2,554 (21) | 7,068 (20) | 28.52 (28.34, 28.70) | 0.16 (−0.08, 0.41) | 0.188 |
| Second lowest | 80 (18) | 1,529 (17) | 2,606 (19) | 2,552 (21) | 6,767 (19) | 28.82 (28.66, 28.98) | 0.24 (−0.0005, 0.47) | 0.051 |
| Lowest | 58 (13) | 1,510 (16) | 2,573 (19) | 2,439 (20) | 6,580 (19) | 28.69 (28.52, 28.86) | 1.41 (1.16, 1.66) | <0.001 |
| Car ownership | ||||||||
| Owns a car | 101 (16) | 2,189 (20) | 3,334 (24) | 3,011 (24) | 8,635 (23) | 28.24 (28.24, 28.53) | Ref | |
| Does not own a car | 516 (83) | 8,575 (80) | 10,775 (76) | 9,437 (76) | 29,303 (77) | 27.96 (27.87, 28.06) | 0.42 (0.25, 0.59) | <0.001 |
| Missing | 1 (0) | 8 (0.01) | 13 (0.02) | 9 (0.02) | 31 (0.1) | 27.54 (25.66, 29.43) | 0.84 (−1.05, 2.72) | 0.383 |
| Region | ||||||||
| South | 153 (35) | 3,557 (39) | 5,393 (40) | 4,652 (39) | 13,755 (39) | 28.27 (28.13, 28.41) | Ref | |
| North | 116 (27) | 1,988 (22) | 3,040 (23) | 3,241 (27) | 8,385 (24) | 28.89 (28.72, 29.05) | −0.62 (−0.83, −0.40) | <0.001 |
| Centre | 162 (37) | 3,513 (38) | 4,822 (36) | 4,019 (33) | 12,516 (36) | 28.12 (27.98, 28.26) | 0.15 (−0.042, 0.35) | 0.124 |
| Metropolitan area | 5 (1) | 89 (1) | 168 (1) | 151 (1) | 413 (1) | 28.65 (28.04, 29.26) | −0.38 (−1.04, 0.24) | 0.232 |
| Deprivation | ||||||||
| Low | 376 (61) | 6,336 (59) | 8,833 (65) | 8,259 (66) | 23,804 (63) | 28.23 (28.13, 28.33) | Ref | |
| High | 242 (39) | 4,436 (41) | 5,289 (37) | 4,198 (34) | 14,165 (37) | 27.47 (27.35, 27.60) | 0.80 (0.60, 0.92) | <0.001 |
| Urbanicity | ||||||||
| Rural | 242 (39) | 4,365 (41) | 4,993 (35) | 3,801 (31) | 13,401 (35) | 27.31 (27.17, 27.46) | Ref | |
| Urban | 114 (18) | 2,156 (20) | 3,153 (22) | 3,030 (24) | 8,453 (22) | 28.45, (28.27, 28.63) | −1.14 (−1.37, −0.91) | <0.001 |
| Metropolitan | 262 (42) | 4,251 (39) | 5,976 (42) | 5,626 (45) | 16,115 (42) | 28.30 (28.18, 28.42) | −0.99 (−1.73, −0.80) | <0.001 |
| Food programme | ||||||||
| Participates | 461 (75) | 8,161 (76) | 10,941 (77) | 9,620 (77) | 29,183 (77) | 28.10 (28.01, 28.19) | Ref | |
| Does not participate | 157 (75) | 2,611 (76) | 3,181 (77) | 2,837 (23) | 8,786 (23) | 27.92 (27.74, 28.09) | 0.18 (0.0001, 0.36) | 0.05 |
| Health service | ||||||||
| Covered | 191 (31) | 2,709 (25) | 2,718 (19) | 2,338 (19) | 7,956 (21) | 27.53 (27.37, 27.69) | Ref | |
| Not covered | 427 (69) | 8,063 (75) | 11,404 (81) | 10,119 (81) | 30,013 (79) | 28.23 (28.14, 28.32) | −0.69 (−0.087, −0.52) | <0.001 |
Mean BMI (kg/m2) (95% CI): mean body mass index with 95% confidence interval by category using survey design.
β (95% CI): beta coefficient and 95% confidence interval represent point estimate for linear combinations of coefficients. Each variable is compared with the reference category.
aENSANUT: National Health and Nutrition Survey in Mexico.
bBody mass index (BMI): underweight: 15 to <18.5 kg/m2; healthy weight: ≥18.5 to <25 kg/m2; overweight: 25 to <30 kg/m2; obese: ≥30 kg/m2.
cQuintiles.