Table 4.

Multivariate associations between food outlet density per census tract area (km²) in urban areas of Mexico and BMI^a of Mexican adults from the 2012 ENSANUT^b, stratified by region.

Food outlets	Region
	North		Centre		Metropolitan		South
	N = 6,412		N = 7,659		N = 413		N = 7,735
	β (95% CI)	p value	β (95% CI)	p value	β (95% CI)	p value	β (95% CI)	p value
Convenience stores	−0.002 (−0.008, 0.003)	0.361	0.003 (−0.0004, 0.007)	0.078	0.01 (0.004, 0.01)	<0.001	0.003 (−0.0003, 0.006)	0.078
Fast-food outlets	−0.01 (−0.04, 0.01)	0.319	−0.005 (−0.025, 0.01)	0.631	0.001 (−0.10, 0.10)	0.984	0.02 (0.002, 0.04)	0.027
Restaurants	−0.008 (−0.02, 0.002)	0.109	−0.004 (0.008, 0.0006)	0.094	0.02 (0.004, 0.03)	0.013	0.004 (0.0003, 0.007)	0.030
Supermarkets	−0.02 (−0.13, 0.09)	0.692	−0.06 (−0.16, 0.04)	0.220	0.17 (−0.07, 0.42)	0.165	−0.03 (−0.15, 0.09)	0.619
Fruit and vegetable stores	−0.03 (−0.08, 0.01)	0.173	−0.01 (−0.03, −0.003)	0.019	0.01 (0.002, 0.02)	0.012	0.0005 (0.003, 0.004)	0.771

All results indicate coefficients (β) and 95% confidence interval (CI) in parenthesis. β represents the increase of BMI in kg/m² per every unit increase of food outlet density (count of food outlets per census tract area in km²). Bold values indicate statistical significance at the p < 0.05 level.

Model A: age, sex and socioeconomic position.

^aBMI body mass index.

^bENSANUT National Health and Nutrition Survey in Mexico.