. 2021 Apr 24;113:92–103. doi: 10.1016/j.humpath.2021.04.010

Table 4.

Associations of lymphocyte percentage, absolute lymphocyte count, and atypical lymphocyte with clinical outcomes in patients with COVID-19.

Clinical outcomes	Lymphocyte findings	Statistical analysis
Clinical outcomes	Lymphocyte findings	Highest value	Median value
Length of hospital stay (days)^a	Lymphocyte percentage Lymphocyte absolute count Atypical lymphocyte count	p = *0.006 (r* = *0.323);* p < *0.001 (r* = *0.419);* p = 0.587 (r = 0.067);	p = 0.947 (r = -0.008) p = 0.423 (r = 0.010) p = *0.013 (r* = *-0.296)*
Length on mechanical ventilation (days)^a	Lymphocyte percentage Lymphocyte absolute count Atypical lymphocyte count	p = *0.028 (r* = *0.263);* P = *0.016 (r* = *0.292);* P = 0.348 (r = 0.115);	p = 0.700 (r = -0.047) p = 0.867 (r = 0.021) p = *0.039 (r* = *-0.249)*
In-hospital mortality^b	Lymphocyte percentage Lymphocyte absolute count Atypical lymphocyte count	p = 0.192; p = 0.933; p = 0.178;	p = 0.535 p = 0.444 p = 0.338
In-hospital mortality^b	Atypical lymphocyte negative vs positive^c	p = 0.094 (Mortality: 26.1% vs 8.8%)

Spearman rank correlation test.

Odds ratios for categorical outcome variables, and.

Pearson’s Chi-squared test with Yates’ correction were used for statistical analysis.