Table 1:
Demographics, AF phenotype and key risk factors at baseline by level of kidney function (glomerular filtration rate; GFR) impairment
| GFR (ml/min/1.73m2) | ≥90 | ≥60-89 | ≥45-59 | ≥30-44 | < 30 | p- value |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| RELY (n=18,049) | N=1,293 | N=9,487 | N=5,091 | N=2,022 | N=156 | ||
| Dabigatran 110 | 400 (30.9%) | 3,209 (33.8%) | 1,660 (32.6%) | 672 (33.2%) | 52 (33.3%) | ||
| Dabigatran 150 | 450 (34.8%) | 3,133 (33.0%) | 1,710 (33.6%) | 708 (35.0%) | 57 (36.5%) | ||
| Warfarin | 443 (34.3%) | 3,145 (33.2%) | 1,721 (33.8%) | 642 (31.8%) | 47 (30.1%) | ||
| Age (years) | 67.8 ± 10.7 | 70.1 ± 8.5 | 73.7 ± 8.0 | 74.7 ± 7.3 | 72.0 ± 8.3 | <0.001 | |
| Weight (kg) | 81.0 ± 23.5 | 83.2 ± 19.9 | 82.0 ± 18.5 | 82.6 ± 18.3 | 88.1 ± 19.5 | <0.001 | |
| N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | |||
| Female | 333 (25.8%) | 3,136 (33.1%) | 2,005 (39.4%) | 1,011 (50.0%) | 84 (53%) | <0.001 | |
| Race | White | 756 (58.5%) | 6,626 (69.8%) | 3,684 (72.4%) | 1,450 (71.7%) | 108 (69.2%) | <0.001 |
| Black | 21 (1.6%) | 105 (1.1%) | 31 (0.6%) | 15 (0.7%) | 3 (1.9%) | ||
| Asian | 376 (29.1%) | 1,658 (17.5%) | 602 (11.8%) | 216 (10.7%) | 18 (11.5%) | ||
| Paroxysmal AF | 426 (33.0%) | 3,167 (33.4%) | 1,630 (32%) | 633 (31.3%) | 58 (37.2%) | 0.18 | |
| Permanent/Persistent AF | 867 (67.0%) | 6,316 (66.6%) | 3,461 (68.0%) | 1,388 (68.7%) | 98 (62.8%) | ||
| CHADS2 Score | |||||||
| 0-1 | 474 (36.7%) | 3,523 (37.1%) | 1,360 (26.7%) | 383 (18.9%) | 26 (16.7%) | <0.001 | |
| 2 | 472 (36.5%) | 3,300 (34.8%) | 1,896 (37.3%) | 723 (35.8%) | 46 (29.5%) | ||
| 3 | 231 (17.9%) | 1,732 (18.3%) | 1,112 (21.8%) | 508 (25.1%) | 50 (32.1%) | ||
| 4 | 88 (6.8%) | 703 (7.4%) | 524 (10.3%) | 267 (13.2%) | 26 (16.7%) | ||
| 5 to 6 | 29 (2.2%) | 229 (2.4%) | 199 (3.9%) | 141 (7.0%) | 8 (5.1%) | ||
| Hypertension | 912 (70.5%) | 7,270 (76.6%) | 4,151 (81.5%) | 1,756 (86.8%) | 139 (89.1%) | <0.001 | |
| History of Stroke/ TIA | 176 (13.6%) | 1,191 (12.6%) | 610 (12%) | 273 (13.5%) | 19 (12.2%) | 0.31 | |
| Heart failure | 416 (32.2%) | 2,786 (29.4%) | 1,683 (33.1%) | 803 (39.7%) | 85 (54.5%) | <0.001 | |
| Diabetes Mellitus | 297 (23%) | 2,018 (21.3%) | 1,190 (23.4%) | 636 (31.5%) | 64 (41%) | <0.001 | |
| Antiplatelet | 496 (38.4%) | 3,741 (39.0%) | 2,154 (42.3%) | 926 (45.8%) | 70 (44.9%) | <0.001 | |
| ARISTOTLE (n=18,187) | N=1,872 | N=9,960 | N=4,598 | N=1,582 | N=175 | ||
| Apixaban | 941 (51.3%) | 4,975 (50.0%) | 2,304 (50.1%) | 809 (50.1%) | 84 (48.0%) | ||
| Warfarin | 931 (49.7%) | 4,985 (50.0%) | 2,294 (49.9%) | 773 (48.9%) | 91 (52.0%) | ||
| Age (years) | 63.2 ± 10.9 | 68.0 ± 9.4 | 71.8 ± 8.8 | 74.5 ± 8.1 | 73.3 ± 8.0 | <0.001 | |
| Weight (kg) | 85.6 ± 23.8 | 84.6 ± 20.6 | 83.2 ± 20.0 | 81.4 ± 19.2 | 82.3 ± 17.2 | <0.001 | |
| N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | |||
| Female | 513 (27.4%) | 3,137 (31.5%) | 1,895 (41.2%) | 779 (49.2%) | 88 (50.3%) | <0.001 | |
| Race | White | 1,403 (75%) | 8,142 (81.8%) | 3,946 (85.8%) | 1,382 (87.4%) | 154 (88%) | <0.001 |
| Black | 47 (2.5%) | 122 (1.22%) | 42 (0.91%) | 14 (0.88%) | 2 (1.1%) | ||
| Asian | 369 (19.7%) | 1,515 (15.2%) | 556 (12.1%) | 172 (10.9%) | 18 (10.3%) | ||
| Paroxysmal AF | 282 (15.1%) | 1,558 (15.6%) | 689 (15%) | 240 (15.2%) | 22 (12.6%) | 0.68 | |
| Permanent/Persistent AF | 1,589 (84.9%) | 8,401 (84.4%) | 3,908 (85%) | 1,342 (84.8%) | 153 (87.4%) | ||
| CHADS2 Score | <0.001 | ||||||
| 0-1 | 815 (43.5%) | 3,796 (38.1%) | 1,276 (27.8%) | 267 (16.9%) | 29 (16.6%) | ||
| 2 | 662 (35.4%) | 3,501 (35.2%) | 1,686 (36.7%) | 607 (38.4%) | 50 (28.6%) | ||
| 3 | 266 (14.2%) | 1,624 (16.3%) | 937 (20.4%) | 387 (24.5%) | 62 (35.4%) | ||
| 4 | 103 (5.5%) | 768 (7.7%) | 486 (10.6%) | 200 (12.6%) | 24 (13.7%) | ||
| 5 to 6 | 26 (1.4%) | 271 (2.7%) | 213 (4.6%) | 121 (7.6%) | 10 (5.7%) | ||
| Hypertension | 1,568 (83.8%) | 8,611 (86.5%) | 4,107 (89.3%) | 1,454 (91.9%) | 166 (94.9%) | <0.001 | |
| History of Stroke/ TIA | 288 (15.4%) | 1,784 (17.9%) | 928 (20.2%) | 345 (21.8%) | 34 (19.4%) | <0.001 | |
| Heart failure | 624 (33.3%) | 3,331 (33.4%) | 1,720 (37.4%) | 677 (42.8%) | 90 (51.4%) | <0.001 | |
| Diabetes Mellitus | 523 (27.9%) | 2,325 (23.3%) | 1,138 (24.8%) | 492 (31.1%) | 63 (36%) | <0.001 | |
| Antiplatelet | 613 (32.8%) | 3,117 (31.3%) | 1,525 (33.2%) | 571 (36.1%) | 73 (41.7%) | ||
| ENGAGE (n=20,798) | N=1,929 | N=10,805 | N=5,682 | N=2,139 | N=243 | ||
| Edoxaban 30mg | 649 (33.6%) | 3,591 (33.2%) | 1,888 (33.2%) | 717 (33.5%) | 81 (33.3%) | ||
| Edoxaban 60mg | 663 (34.4%) | 3,578 (33.1%) | 1,895 (33.4%) | 718 (33.6%) | 78 (32.1%) | ||
| Warfarin | 617 (32.0%) | 3,636 (33.7%) | 1,899 (33.4%) | 704 (32.9%) | 84 (34.6%) | ||
| Age (years) | 65.1 ± 10.4 | 69.0 ± 9.3 | 73.0 ± 8.4 | 74.7 ± 7.9 | 73.3 ± 8.2 | <0.001 | |
| Weight (kg) | 85.8 ± 23.0 | 84.4 ± 21.0 | 82.8 ± 19.7 | 83.8 ± 19.4 | 89.3 ± 20.6 | <0.001 | |
| N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | |||
| Female | 493 (25.6%) | 3,606 (33.4%) | 2,589 (45.6%) | 1,090 (51.0%) | 134 (55.1%) | <0.001 | |
| Race | White | 1,457 (75.5%) | 8,634 (79.9%) | 4,698 (82.7%) | 1,810 (84.6%) | 213 (87.7%) | <0.001 |
| Black | 51 (2.6%) | 143 (1.3%) | 57 (1.0%) | 19 (0.9%) | 4 (1.7%) | ||
| Asian | 345 (17.9%) | 1,587 (14.7%) | 700 (12.3%) | 230 (10.8%) | 14 (5.8%) | ||
| Paroxysmal AF | 500 (25.9%) | 2,708 (25.1%) | 1,494 (26.3%) | 523 (24.5%) | 61 (25.1%) | 0.33 | |
| Permanent/Persistent AF | 1,429 (74.1%) | 8,095 (74.9%) | 4,188 (73.7%) | 1,615 (75.5%) | 182 (74.8%) | ||
| CHADS2 Score | |||||||
| 0-1 | excluded | excluded | excluded | excluded | excluded | ||
| 2 | 1,084 (56.2%) | 5,545 (51.3%) | 2,537 (44.7%) | 785 (32.10%) | 78 (32.1%) | <0.001 | |
| 3 | 520 (27.0%) | 3,141 (29.1%) | 1778 (31.3%) | 754 (35.3%) | 97 (39.9%) | ||
| 4 | 250(13.0%) | 1,542 (14.3%) | 894 (15.7%) | 399 (18.7%) | 44 (18.1%) | ||
| 5 to 6 | 75 (3.9%) | 577 (5.4%) | 473 (8.3%) | 201 (9.4%) | 21 (9.9%) | ||
| Hypertension | 1,756 (91.0%) | 10,030 (92.8%) | 5,393 (94.9%) | 2,053 (96.0%) | 233 (95.9%) | <0.001 | |
| History of Stroke/ TIA | 569 (29.5%) | 3,351 (31.0%) | 1,708 (30.0%) | 395 (28.6%) | 55 (22.6%) | <0.001 | |
| Heart failure | 1,127 (58.4%) | 6,086 (56.3%) | 3,261 (57.4%) | 1,320 (61.7%) | 168 (69.1%) | <0.001 | |
| Diabetes Mellitus | 789 (40.9%) | 3,805 (35.2%) | 1,976 (34.8%) | 822 (38.4%) | 129 (53.1%) | <0.001 | |
| Antiplatelet | 609 (31.6%) | 3,337 (30.9%) | 1,820 (32.0%) | 720 (33.7%) | 89 (36.6%) | 0.04 |
Patients of other race are not included in this table (edoxaban n=835; apixaban 302)
CHADS2 denotes a cumulative score assigning one point each for congestive heart failure, hypertension, age >75, Diabetes and two points for a prior stroke/TIA
Missing data for Type of AF (RELY n=5; ARISTOTLE n=3; ENGAGE n=4), History of Stroke/ TIA (ENGAGE n=1)