Table 1.
Participant Study Schedule: Clinical Assessments and Outcome Measures
| Screening Visit (One time only) | |
| Assessment | Measures |
| Consent/Assent | |
| Clinical Assessment | |
| History/Physical | Pubertal staging |
| K-SADS | Confirm no symptoms of psychopathology |
| Height/Weight | Body Mass Index (BMI) |
| Parent Questionnaires | |
| Sociodemographics | Race, ethnicity, and home environment |
| Developmental History | Review birth records and developmental milestones |
| Child Questionnaires | |
| Edinburgh Handedness Scale | Handedness |
| Test of Irregular Word Reading Efficiency | Confirm IQ score ≥ 70 |
| Left Hand/Wrist X-Ray | Skeletal bone-age |
| Mock MRI Session | Exposure to MRI procedures and environment |
| Cortisol Sample Collection Instructions | |
| Saliva salivettes | Collect saliva at 0, 30, 45, and 60 min after waking |
| 24-hour urine | Collect urine after first morning void |
| Supplemental Session 1 (One time only) | |
| Assessment | Measures |
| Venipuncture | Collect samples for iPSC and genetic analyses |
| Child Questionnaires | |
| Adverse Childhood Events (ACE) | Document exposure to stressful events during childhood (Completed at final visit, age 17) |
| Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) | |
| Supplemental Session 2 (Repeated every 3 years) | |
| Assessment | Measures |
| Neuropsychological Tests | |
| Weschler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence | Assess IQ and cognitive development |
| Delis-Kaplan Executive Function System | |
| Longitudinal Visit (Every 8–10 months) | |
| Assessment | Measures |
| Consent/Assent | |
| Venipuncture (Fasting, Morning) | Blood samples to measure gonadal steroids, adrenal androgens, and somatotropic factors |
| Cortisol Samples | |
| Saliva salivettes | Cortisol awakening response |
| 24-hour urine | 24-hour urinary free cortisol |
| Clinical Assessment | |
| History/Physical | Pubertal staging |
| K-SADS | Confirm no symptoms of psychopathology |
| Height/Weight | Peak height velocity, BMI |
| Drug Screening | Confirm no use of psychotropic substances |
| Parent and Child Questionnaires | Ratings of mood, behavior, and social function |
| Left Hand/Wrist X-Ray | Skeletal bone-age |
| Anthropometrics | Body measurements including skinfold thickness, trunk and limb circumference, waist-to-hip ratio |
| Dual X-ray Densitometry (DXA) Scan | Body composition including fat, lean tissue, and bone mass |
| Abdominal MRI | Visceral and subcutaneous abdominal fat distribution |
| Gonadal MRI | Testicular or ovarian volumes |
| Neuroimaging | T1-weighted scan (ME-MPRAGE) Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) T2-weighted scan Myelin water-fraction (mcDESPOT) Arterial Spin Labeling (ASL) Multi-Echo Resting-state Resting-state Impulse Inhibition Task Reward Task Working Memory Task Emotional Faces Task |
| Supplemental Session 3 (Monthly in girls following menarche) | |
| Assessment | Measures |
| Menstrual Cycle Report | Onset and duration of menses |
1. See Table 3 for more details on parent and child questionnaires