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. 2021 May 27;11:11108. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-90654-0

Table 1.

Average misclassification error rate (MER) and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of DE calculation for two class simulated data with 5% missing values and different rates of outliers.

Methods Without outliers MER (AUC) 3% outliers MER (AUC) 5% outliers MER (AUC) 7% outliers MER (AUC) 10% outliers MER (AUC)
RF 4.23 (0.956) 19.76 (0.797) 27.41 (0.720) 31.39 (0.679) 35.52 (0.638)
PPCA 3.77 (0.964) 18.59 (0.811) 26.03 (0.737) 30.06 (0.698) 34.48 (0.652)
kNN 4.83 (0.952) 20.41 (0.794) 27.85 (0.719) 31.83 (0.678) 35.93 (0.637)
BPCA 3.45 (0.967) 21.31 (0.788) 28.65 (0.703) 32.34 (0.675) 36.45 (0.641)
EM-PCA 3.38 (0.969) 18.76 (0.829) 26.08 (0.733) 30.09 (0.707) 36.03 (0.649)
Zero 16.57 (0.829) 28.88 (0.709) 34.15 (0.651) 37.13 (0.623) 39.95 (0.598)
Mean 5.23 (0.949) 21.29 (0.789) 28.62 (0.719) 32.37 (0.672) 36.41 (0.642)
Median 5.12 (0.951) 20.99 (0.791) 28.36 (0.706) 32.18 (0.676) 36.25 (0.643)
Minimum 12.44 (0.867) 26.45 (0.728) 32.26 (0.673) 35.52 (0.640) 38.75 (0.604)
rmiMAE 2.94 (0.971) 4.21 (0.958) 4.77 (0.951) 4.98 (0.948) 5.13 (0.964)
Proposed 2.73 (0.973) 2.93 (0.971) 2.98 (0.970) 3.03 (0.969) 3.05 (0.969)

Bold indicates the lower MER and Higher AUC throughout the column.