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. 2021 May 17;10(5):310–320. doi: 10.1302/2046-3758.105.BJR-2020-0262.R3

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© 2021 Author(s) et al.

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Fig. 6 — Knockdown of G protein subunit alpha Q (GNAQ) promotes the differentiation of carcinoma into mesenchymal tissue. a) COL1a1, RUNX2, OSX, and OPN messenger RNA (mRNA) expression was determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) at five, ten, and 14 days after osteogenic differentiation (left). Osteogenic marker mRNA expression examined via semi-quantitative PCR at ten days after osteogenic differention (right). b) Quantitative real-time analysis of Sox9 and COL2A1 on days 4, 7, and 14 during chondrogenic differentiation induction. The results were normalized to glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) mRNA expression. Values are means and standard deviations (n = 4). shNC, negative control short hairpin RNA.