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. 2021 May 27;11:11127. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-90508-9

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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This is a patient who had a DECT examination 7 weeks after the conventional-TACE, showed that lipiodol deposited around the tumor, and TAA and TNA in the tumor after treatment. A large lesion with scattered lipiodol deposition is seen within the right lobe of the liver. The center non-enhancing area was TNA. Peripheral soft tissue nodularity is noted on axial non-enhanced CT (red arrow, A), with slight enhancement on arterial phase (B), and portal venous phase (C), which was considered by radiologists to be TAA. ROIs of TAA, ANHP, and TNA placed on arterial phase and portal phase iodine map (D and E) showed the IC and NIC of TAA to be 1.1 mg/ml and 8.5% at arterial phase, and 0.6 mg/ml and 15.3% at portal venous phase, respectively. The IC and NIC of ANHP was 0.3 mg/ml and 1.9% at arterial phase, and 1.8 mg/ml and 43.4% at portal venous phase, respectively. The IC and NIC of TNA was 0.4 mg/ml and 3.2% at arterial phase, and 0.8 mg/ml and 18.3% at portal venous phase, respectively. The λHu of TAA, ANHP and TNA were 1.57,0.37 and 0.10, respectively (F).