TABLE 1.

ALDH function, categorically highlighting examples of contribution to specific mechanisms.

Biological Function		Examples
Catalytic	Detoxification	Removal of aldehydes, e.g., acetaldehyde, fatty aldehydes
		Fucose and phenylalanine metabolism in E. coli
	Biosynthesis	Retinoic acid synthesis in humans
		γ-aminobutyric acid synthesis in humans
		Osmoprotection by synthesis of betaine in prokaryotes
Non-Catalytic	Anti-oxidant	Indirect NAD(P)H generation
		UV absorption in the eye
	Structural	Corneal and lens crystallins
	Regulatory	Biomarkers and regulators of stem cells
		γ-aminobutyric acid synthesis pathway regulation
		Regulation of osmotic pressure
		Regulation of genes by retinoic acid
	Binding	Binding of endobiotics and xenobiotics
		Androgen, thyroid hormone and cholesterol binding