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. 2021 May 27;11:11262. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-90749-8

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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AD-like flies show a degenerative phenotype. (a) Amyloid quantification through Thioflavin aggregation assay. AD-like flies presented a higher amyloid content when compared to control flies (elav-Gal4) at 10- and 15-days post eclosion (d.p.e.) (n = 20 in each genotype). (b) Climbing ability. AD-like flies presented a lower climbing ability in the RING assay than the control genotype at 5–8, 10–13, and 15–18 days post eclosion. AD-like flies present a climbing ability decrease when comparing flies at 5–8 and 10–13 d.p.e. (n ≥ 180 in each genotype). (c) Neurodegeneration index of elav-Gal4 (control) and AD-like flies based on histopathology analysis, according to vacuolar lesions. 0 indicates no lesions, and 5 indicates neurodegenerative phenotype (n = 10, at 10 days after treatment). Data are shown as the mean ± S.E.M. The statistical significance is indicated as ** for P < 0.01 and *** for P < 0.001 (two-tailed ANOVA). Illustrative images of (d) elav-Gal4 and (e) AD-like flies’ histopathology. Arrows indicate vacuolar lesions.