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. 2021 May 14;12:672182. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2021.672182

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Copyright © 2021 Garcia-Gil, Camici, Allegrini, Pesi and Tozzi.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Relationship between adenosine, ADK and transmethylation reactions in subcellular compartments. In the transmethylation reactions catalyzed by methyltransferases (MT), S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) donates the methyl group to various acceptors and is converted to S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH), which generates adenosine (Ado) by the action of S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase (SAHH). In the nucleus, the methyl group can be transferred to DNA and histones. The activity of ADK (ADK_S in the cytoplasm and ADK_L in the nucleus) decreases the concentration of Ado and favors the transmethylation reactions. In this way, ADK_L contributes to the DNA methylation in the nucleus.