Figure 4.

IAV-induced RDUR expression is regulated by NF-κB but not IRF3 and IFNs. (A) sh-MAVS and sh-Luc (control) infected A549 cells were analyzed by qRT-PCR to determine the interference efficiency. (B) The RNA levels of RDUR in sh-MAVS and sh-Luc (control) A549 cells infected with or without WSN were determined by qRT-PCR. (C) The RNA levels of RDUR in A549 cells treated with or without Bay 11-7082 and infected with or without WSN were determined by qRT-PCR. (D, E) A549 cells were transfected with siRNAs targeting NF-κB (P65/NFKB3) or control siRNA for 36 h and infected with WSN for 16 h. The knockdown efficiency (D) and the RNA level of RDUR (E) were then detected by RT-PCR. (F, G) A549 cells were stimulated with TNF-α for 180 min, and the activation of NF-κB was confirmed by Western blotting (F) and the expression of RDUR was examined by qRT-PCR (G). (H, J) A549 cells were treated with different amounts of IFNs including IFN-β (H), IFN-γ (I) and IFN-λ1 (J) for 90 min. The expression levels of RDUR and ISGs (Mx1 or ISG15) in the cells were examined by qRT-PCR. (K) Shown is IRF3 (sh-IRF3) knockdown efficiency analyzed by qRT-PCR in A549 cells. (L) The RNA levels of RDUR in sh-IRF3 and sh-Luc A549 cells infected with or without WSN were determined by qRT-PCR. Shown are representative data from three independent experiments. Plotted are the average levels from three independent experiments. The error bars represent the SD, **P < 0.01, and ns represents no statistical significance.