Table 3.
Univariable competing-risks regression analysis for recurrence and lung cancer–specific death
| Variable | Recurrence | Lung cancer–specific death | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SHR (95% CI) | p | SHR (95% CI) | p | |
| Histologic subtype (vs AC) | ||||
| LCNEC | 1.15 (0.66, 2.00) | 0.6 | 1.66 (0.87, 3.14) | 0.12 |
| SCLC | 0.92 (0.48, 1.74) | 0.8 | 1.36 (0.66, 2.82) | 0.4 |
| Age (per 1-year increase) | 0.99 (0.96, 1.01) | 0.2 | 0.99 (0.96, 1.02) | 0.4 |
| Male sex (vs female) | 1.88 (1.18, 2.98) | 0.008 | 2.11 (1.28, 3.49) | 0.004 |
| Smoking (vs former) | ||||
| Never | 0.79 (0.38, 1.66) | 0.5 | 0.58 (0.19, 1.73) | 0.3 |
| Current | 0.80 (0.43, 1.49) | 0.5 | 1.20 (0.63, 2.28) | 0.6 |
| Smoking pack-years (per 1 pack/year increase) | 1.01 (1.00, 1.01) | 0.066 | 1.01 (1.00, 1.01) | 0.01 |
| Neoadjuvant therapy (vs no neoadjuvant) | 1.01 (0.47, 2.19) | 1 | 1.07 (0.47, 2.44) | 0.9 |
| Adjuvant therapy (vs no adjuvant) | 1.97 (1.23, 3.15) | 0.005 | 1.94 (1.18, 3.21) | 0.009 |
| Sublobar resection (vs lobectomy) | 1.18 (0.69, 2.03) | 0.5 | 1.18 (0.64, 2.17) | 0.6 |
| Tumor size (per 1 cm increase) | 1.09 (0.97, 1.22) | 0.2 | 1.11 (0.98, 1.26) | 0.1 |
| N-factor (vs N0) | ||||
| N1 | 1.76 (0.94, 3.30) | 0.078 | 1.67 (0.89, 3.13) | 0.11 |
| N2 | 2.02 (1.11, 3.65) | 0.021 | 1.66 (0.83, 3.32) | 0.2 |
| Pathologic stage (vs stage 1) | ||||
| Stage 2 | 1.93 (1.14, 3.24) | 0.014 | 1.97 (1.13, 3.43) | 0.016 |
| Stage 3 | 2.15 (1.18, 3.92) | 0.012 | 1.90 (0.98, 3.68) | 0.056 |
| Lymphatic invasion (vs absent) | 2.77 (1.66, 4.63) | <0.001 | 3.09 (1.75, 5.44) | <0.001 |
| Vascular invasion (vs absent) | 2.04 (1.28, 3.25) | 0.003 | 2.31 (1.38, 3.86) | 0.001 |
| Pleural invasion (vs absent) | 1.64 (0.93, 2.89) | 0.089 | 1.72 (0.90, 3.28) | 0.1 |
| Necrosis percentage (per 1% increase) | 1.01 (0.99, 1.02) | 0.3 | 1.01 (1.00, 1.03) | 0.093 |
| Mitotic count (per 1 count increase) | 1.00 (0.99, 1.01) | 0.8 | 1.00 (0.99, 1.01) | 0.5 |
| Ki-67 index (per 1 percent increase) | 1.00 (1.00, 1.01) | 0.5 | 1.01 (1.00, 1.02) | 0.045 |
| STAS (vs absent) | 2.69 (1.68, 4.30) | <0.001 | 2.89 (1.72, 4.86) | <0.001 |
Significant p values are shown in bold. AC, atypical carcinoid; CI, confidence interval; LCNEC, large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma; SHR, subhazard ratio; STAS, spread through air spaces.