Table 2. Factors Independently Associated With Delayed Surgical Treatment.

Variablea	OR (95% CI)	P value
Age, y	1.005 (0.998-1.012)	.16
Female vs male sex	0.993 (0.768-1.284)	.96
Race
White	[1 Reference]	NA
Black	1.267 (1.112-1.444)	<.001
Otherb	1.361 (0.918-2.018)	.35
BMI	0.992 (0.983-1.001)	.09
Smoking status
Current	[1 Reference]	NA
Former	1.031 (0.931-1.141)	.46
Never	1.307 (0.766-2.230)	.35
CCI score	0.980 (0.956-1.004)	.10
ADI score	1.005 (1.002-1.007)	.002
Surgical treatment year	0.900 (0.884-0.915)	<.001
Yearly hospital caseloadc	0.998 (0.998-0.999)	.001
Endobronchial ultrasound or mediastinoscopy vs none	1.385 (1.226-1.564)	<.001
Histology
Adenocarcinoma	[1 Reference]	NA
Squamous cell carcinoma	0.923 (0.829-1.028)	.78
Other	0.880 (0.751-1.033)	.27
Tumor grade
I	[1 Reference]	NA
II	0.906 (0.781-1.051)	.94
III	0.883 (0.753-1.036)	.74
IV	0.827 (0.535-1.276)	.58
Tumor size, mm
0-10	[1 Reference]	NA
11-20	1.132 (0.943-1.359)	.07
21-30	1.212 (1.003-1.465)	.004
31-40	0.991 (0.804-1.222)	.55
≥40	0.999 (0.782-1.277)	.71
Unknown	0.885 (0.585-1.339)	.35

Abbreviations: ADI, area deprivation index; CCI, Charlson Comorbidity Index; NA, not applicable; OR, odds ratio.

^aORs for continuous variables are per 1-unit increase.

^bOther category includes any code other than White or Black in the American College of Surgery Facility Oncology Registry Data Standards manual.

^cHospital caseload was measured as the number of patients with a lung cancer diagnosis at that institution in the year prior to a patient’s surgical procedure.