Table 2.
Fatty acid composition in A. vermiculophyllum (as a percentage of total fatty acids, TFA). Data shown is the mean ± SD (n = 3); h–hypocholesterolemic (MUFAs + PUFAs); H—hypercholesterolemic (C14:0 + C16:0). Bold values represent fatty acids with at least 1% of the total fatty acid composition. n.d. = not detected.
| Fatty Acids (%TFA) | 17 September | 17 October | 17 November | 17 December | 18 January | 18 March | 18 April | 18 May | 18 July | 18 August |
| 14:0 [myristic acid] | n.d. | 0.31 ± 0.02 | 0.39 ± 0.02 | 0.37 ± 0.25 | 0.34 ± 0.07 | 0.27 ± 0.01 | 0.22 ± 0.01 | 0.29 ± 0.04 | 0.42 ± 0.06 | 0.26 ± 0.00 |
| 15:0 [pentadecylic acid] | 0.47 ± 0.15 | 0.70 ± 0.04 | 0.76 ± 0.08 | 0.74 ± 0.15 | 0.53 ± 0.17 | 0.33 ± 0.13 | 0.35 ± 0.04 | 0.51 ± 0.17 | 0.83 ± 0.61 | 0.61 ± 0.00 |
| 16:0 [palmitic acid] | 57.88 ± 5.14 | 62.95 ± 5.69 | 53.62 ± 4.12 | 50.43 ± 4.19 | 44.72 ± 9.06 | 32.35 ± 2.21 | 51.18 ± 5.19 | 39.35 ± 8.83 | 58.70 ± 5.08 | 39.75 ± 10.8 |
| 17:0 [margaric acid] | 0.30 ± 0.01 | n.d. | 0.25 ± 0.10 | n.d. | 0.19 ± 0.13 | 0.22 ± 0.11 | n.d. | 0.14 ± 0.02 | ||
| 20:0 [arachidic acid] | 1.13 ± 0.00 | n.d. | n.d. | 0.06 ± 0.00 | n.d. | |||||
| 21:0 [heneicosylic acid] | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | 0.10 ± 0.05 | 0.11 ± 0.00 | 0.07 ± 0.03 | ||||
| 23:0 [tricosylic acid] | n.d. | 0.06 ± 0.00 | n.d. | n.d. | ||||||
| Sum SFA (%) | 59.78 | 64.02 | 55.02 | 51.70 | 45.89 | 33.24 | 51.89 | 40.29 | 60.91 | 40.81 |
| 14:1 [myristoleic acid] | 5.76 ± 0.77 | 6.16 ± 0.43 | 1.97 ± 0.08 | 4.07 ± 0.94 | 3.81 ± 0.51 | 2.85 ± 0.95 | 4.87 ± 0.62 | 4.61 ± 0.63 | 5.38 ± 1.80 | 4.45 ± 1.60 |
| 15:1 [pentadecenoic acid] | n.d. | 0.27 ± 0.06 | 0.27 ± 0.04 | 0.60 ± 0.18 | 0.38 ± 0.14 | 0.50 ± 0.48 | 0.20 ± 0.12 | 0.37 ± 0.12 | 0.61 ± 0.64 | 0.43 ± 0.00 |
| 16:1 n-7 [palmitoleic acid] | 0.63 ± 0.15 | n.d. | n.d. | 0.21 ± 0.01 | 0.76 ± 0.25 | 0.43 ± 0.22 | 0.43 ± 0.25 | 0.44 ± 0.09 | 1.17 ± 0.27 | 0.47 ± 0.08 |
| 17:1 [heptadecenoic acid] | 0.46 ± 0.03 | 0.48 ± 0.09 | 0.53 ± 0.16 | 0.52 ± 0.11 | 0.43 ± 0.10 | 0.33 ± 0.12 | 0.41 ± 0.04 | 0.45 ± 0.16 | 0.39 ± 0.05 | 0.24 ± 0.03 |
| 18:1 n-9 [oleic acid) | 7.67 ± 2.84 | 6.81 ± 0.61 | 7.40 ± 2.19 | 4.42 ± 1.02 | 4.46 ± 1.08 | 3.78 ± 0.18 | 4.82 ± 1.16 | 3.22 ± 2.42 | 3.14 ± 0.82 | 1.33 ± 0.13 |
| 20:1 n-9 [eicosenoic acid] | n.d. | n.d. | 0.08 ± 0.00 | 0.1 ± 0.04 | 0.11 ± 0.00 | 0.11 ± 0.04 | 0.05 ± 0.00 | n.d. | 0.55 ± 0.00 | 0.15 ± 0.04 |
| 24:1 n-9 [nervonic acid] | n.d. | 0.4 ± 0.02 | n.d. | 1.21 ± 1.21 | 1.22 ± 1.08 | 0.40 ± 0.20 | 1.06 ± 0.10 | 0.69 ± 0.29 | 1.15 ± 0.54 | 0.46 ± 0.22 |
| Sum MUFAs (%) | 14.52 | 14.12 | 10.25 | 11.13 | 11.17 | 8.40 | 11.84 | 9.78 | 12.39 | 7.53 |
| 18:2 n-6 cis [linoleic acid, LA] | 4.53 ± 0.32 | 8.27 ± 2.51 | 1.85 ± 1.12 | 2.67 ± 1.21 | 1.32 ± 0.96 | 1.34 ± 0.37 | 2.87 ± 0.72 | 4.93 ± 2.12 | 5.95 ± 4.20 | 5.14 ± 4.75 |
| 18:2 n-6 trans [linolelaidic acid] | 0.36 ± 0.08 | 0.37 ± 0.04 | 0.30 ± 0.07 | 0.57 ± 0.09 | 0.63 ± 0.11 | 0.52 ± 0.00 | 1.02 ± 0.03 | 1.17 ± 0.74 | 1.78 ± 0.13 | 1.25 ± 0.47 |
| 18:3 n-6 [γ-linolenic acid] | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | 0.60 ± 0.00 | 0.56 ± 0.10 | 0.39 ± 0.11 | 0.99 ± 0.11 | 0.95 ± 0.15 |
| 18:3 n-3 [α-linolenic acid] | n.d. | n.d. | 0.55 ± 0.36 | 0.47 ± 0.06 | 0.41 ± 0.01 | 0.33 ± 0.04 | 0.32 ± 0.00 | 0.80 ± 0.58 | 0.12 ± 0.00 | 0.46 ± 0.07 |
| 20:2 [eicosatrienoic acid] | 1.40 ± 0.41 | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | 0.12 ± 0.00 | 0.03 ± 0.00 | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. |
| 20:3 n-3 [eicosatrienoic acid] 20:3 n-6 [eicosatrienoic acid] 20:4 n-6 [arachidonic acid, AA] |
n.d. | 1.56 ± 0.56 | 1.34 ± 0.58 | 1.65 ± 0.08 | 0.97 ± 0.00 | 0.60 ± 0.88 | 2.67 ± 0.22 | 1.90 ± 0.13 | 1.45 ± 0.07 | 2.72 ± 0.39 |
| n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | 0.13 ± 0.03 | 1.69 ± 0.08 | 0.95 ± 0.78 | n.d. | n.d. | 0.16 ± 0.00 | n.d. | |
| 21.83 ± 6.31 | 14.83 ± 5.55 | 27.16 ± 5.16 | 29.74 ± 4.81 | 37.9 ± 10.26 | 52.88 ± 3.83 | 27.88 ± 5.94 | 39.83 ± 8.99 | 15.79 ± 0.76 | 42.14 ± 15.51 | |
| 20:5 n-3 [eicosapentaenoic acid, EPA] 22:6 n-3 [Docosahexaenoic acid DHA] |
n.d. | 0.28 ± 0.00 | n.d. | 0.13 ± 0.01 | 0.21 ± 0.00 | 0.18 ± 0.02 | 0.11 ± 0.00 | 0.26 ± 0.07 | n.d. | n.d. |
| n.d. | 0.51 ± 0.00 | n.d. | 4.41 ± 0.00 | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | 0.36 ± 0.39 | |
| Sum PUFAs (%) | 28.12 | 25.82 | 31.20 | 39.77 | 43.13 | 57.52 | 35.46 | 49.28 | 26.24 | 53.02 |
| Nutritional Index | ||||||||||
| Σ n-3 | 2.35 | 1.89 | 6.66 | 1.59 | 1.11 | 3.10 | 2.96 | 1.57 | 3.54 | |
| Σ n-6 | 26.72 | 23.98 | 29.31 | 33.11 | 41.54 | 56.41 | 32.36 | 46.32 | 24.67 | 49.48 |
| ratio n-6/n-3 | 10.20 | 15.51 | 4.97 | 26.13 | 50.82 | 10.44 | 15.65 | 15.71 | 13.98 | |
| ratio h/H | 0.74 | 0.63 | 0.77 | 1.00 | 1.21 | 2.02 | 0.92 | 1.49 | 0.65 | 1.51 |