Table 1.
Characteristics of Portuguese beers of different types and styles analyzed in this study (n = 23).
| Sample No. | Beer Style | Type | Color | Ethanol (% v/v) a | Ingredients a |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Abbey | Ale | Brown | 6.4 | Water, barley malt, unmalted cereals (barley), sugar, hops. |
| 2 | Black | Ale | Brown | 5.0 | Water, barley malt, unmalted cereals (barley), sugar, coloring: E150c, hops. |
| 3 | Black | Lager | Brown | 4.2 | Water, barley malt, unmalted cereals (corn and barley), sugar, coloring: E150c, glucose syrup, hops |
| 4 | Black | Lager | Pale | 4.1 | Water, malt (barley), unmalted cereals (corn or rice), hops |
| 5 | White | Lager | Pale | 5.2 | Water, barley malt, unmalted cereals (maize and barley), hops. |
| 6 | White | Lager | Pale | 5.1 | Water, barley malt, unmalted cereals (maize and barley), hops. |
| 7 | White | Lager | Pale | 5.0 | Water, barley malt, corn, barley and hops. Contains barley |
| 8 | White | Lager | Pale | 4.8 | NI |
| 9 | White | Lager | Pale | 5.0 | NI |
| 10 | White | Lager | Pale | 4.6 | NI |
| 11 | White | Lager | Pale | 5.0 | Water, barley malt, corn, hops, barley, dye: E150c, stabilizer: E405. |
| 12 | White Non-alcoholic | Lager | Pale | 0.5 | Water, barley malt, unmalted cereals (corn and barley), flavorings, hops. |
| 13 | Black Non-alcoholic | Lager | Brown | 0.5 | Water, barley malt, unmalted cereals (maize and barley), carbon dioxide, dye: E150 C, hops. |
| 14 | Lemon Non-alcoholic | Lager | Pale | 0.0 | 50% non-alcoholic beer (approx. 0.03%) (water, barley malt, carbon dioxide and hops), 39.5% carbonated water, fructose, 4.9% fruit juices based on concentrate (2, 7% lemon; 1.4% orange; 0.5% lime; 0.3% acerola), concentrated lemon extract, natural aromas, stabilizer: locust bean gum |
| 15 | Lemon | Lager | Pale | 2.0 | Water, beer (44%) (water, barley malt, unmalted cereals (corn and barley) and hops), fructose, concentrate-based fruit juice (lemon 1.9% orange 1.8%), stabilizer: pectin, natural flavors, acidifying: citric acid, barley malt extract. |
| 16 | Lemon | Lager | Pale | 2.0 | Carbonated water, beer (water, malt (barley), unmalted cereals (corn and barley), hops), fructose, concentrate fruit juices (lemon 2.7%, orange 1.4%, lime 0.5%, acerola 0.3%), concentrated lemon extract, natural aromas, stabilizer: locust bean gum. |
| 17 | 90 years (edition) | Lager | Pale | 5.0 | Water, malt and special hops (Styrian, Tettnang and Saaz). |
| 18 | Bohemia wheat | Lager | Pale | 5.5 | Water, barley malt, wheat malt, hops, natural aromas. |
| 19 | Bohemia pure malt | Lager | Pale | 6.0 | Water, barley malt, corn, barley, coloring: caramel and hops. |
| 20 | Bohemia original | Lager | Pale | 6.2 | Water, barley malt, corn, barley, coloring: caramel and hops. Contains barley |
| 21 | Bohemia IPA | Ale | Pale | 7.0 | NI |
| 22 | Red fruits | Lager | Pale | 2.2 | Carbonated water, beer (water, barley malt, corn, barley and hops extract), fructose syrup, concentrate-based fruit juices (lime 1.7%, lemon 1.6%, blueberry 0.05% and 0.05% raspberry), purple carrot concentrate, natural aroma, barley malt extract, concentrated lemon extract, stabilizer: locust bean gum. Contains barley. |
| 23 | Panache | Lager | Pale | 0.0 | 50% non-alcoholic beer (water, barley malt, corn, barley, glucose syrup, hops, color: E150c, stabilizer: E405); Flavored soda. Contains 50% sweeteners (carbonated water, E330 acidifier, aroma, sweeteners: acesulfame K, sucralose). |
a As reported in the label; NI—No Information on the label.