. 2021 May 20;10(5):1144. doi: 10.3390/foods10051144

Table 2.

Phenolic content and antioxidant capacity of Portuguese beers.

		Phenolic Content			Antioxidant Capacity
Beer samples		Total phenols (g GA L⁻¹)	Ortho-diphenols (g GA L⁻¹)	Flavonoids (g CAT L⁻¹)	ABTS (mmol trolox L⁻¹)	DPPH (mmol trolox L⁻¹)
1	Abbey	^X 0.706 ± 0.027 ^gh	0.401 ± 0.015 ^efz	0.085 ± 0.014 ^abcdef	0.049 ± 0.001 ^d	0.021 ± 0.001 ^a
2	Black	0.824 ± 0.074 ^h	1.552 ± 0.142 ^h	0.151 ± 0.017 ^f	0.102 ± 0.007 ^e	0.019 ± 0.002 ^a
3	Black	0.506 ± 0.065 ^ef	0.704 ± 0.007 ^g	0.098 ± 0.016 ^abcdef	0.016 ± 0.001 ^b	0.020 ± 0.001 ^a
4	Black	0.515 ± 0.034 ^ef	0.718 ± 0.015 ^ef	0.109 ± 0.009 ^bcdef	0.107 ± 0.003 ^e	0.021 ± 0.001 ^a
5	White	0.362 ± 0.027 ^ef	1.634 ± 0.044 ^h	0.041 ± 0.003 ^abcd	0.023 ± 0.001 ^c	0.023 ± 0.001 ^a
6	White	0.269 ± 0.051 ^ab	1.561 ± 0.011 ^h	0.033 ± 0.002 ^ab	0.021 ± 0.001 ^bc	0.023 ± 0.001 ^a
7	White	0.304 ± 0.048 ^abcd	1.801 ± 0.087 ⁱ	0.043 ± 0.005 ^abcde	0.023 ± 0.001 ^c	0.022 ± 0.001 ^a
8	White	0.278 ± 0.029 ^abc	0.074 ± 0.024 ^a	0.076 ± 0.026 ^abcdef	0.019 ± 0.000 ^bc	0.037 ± 0.001 ^de
9	White	0.354 ± 0.036 ^bcde	0.170 ± 0.011 ^abc	0.042 ± 0.028 ^abcd	0.020 ± 0.000 ^bc	0.032 ± 0.002 ^bc
10	White	0.276 ± 0.034 ^abc	0.185 ± 0.028 ^abc	0.039 ± 0.006 ^abc	0.017 ± 0.001 ^b	0.038 ± 0.001 e
11	White	0.396 ± 0.012 ^bcde	0.122 ± 0.009 ^ab	0.041 ± 0.017 ^abcd	0.009 ± 0.002 ^a	0.034 ± 0.003 ^cde
12	White Non-alcoholic	0.485 ± 0.078 ^def	0.082 ± 0.063 ^a	0.045 ± 0.010 ^abcde	0.020 ± 0.002 ^bc	0.034 ± 0.001 ^cde
13	Black Non-alcoholic	0.461 ± 0.012 ^cdef	0.419 ± 0.046 ^f	0.125 ± 0.022 ^ef	0.018 ± 0.001 ^bc	0.036 ± 0.001 ^cde
14	Lemon Non-alcoholic	0.267 ± 0.030 ^ab	0.188 ± 0.008 ^abc	0.042 ± 0.025 ^abcd	0.009 ± 0.001 ^a	0.032 ± 0.003 ^bc
15	Lemon	0.304 ± 0.022 ^abcd	0.099 ± 0.007 ^ab	0.020 ± 0.005 ^a	0.008 ± 0.001 ^a	0.037 ± 0.000 ^e
16	Lemon	0.240 ± 0.022 ^ab	0.163 ± 0.010 ^abc	0.032 ± 0.016 ^ab	0.008 ± 0.001 ^a	0.035 ± 0.001 ^cde
17	90 years (edition)	0.500 ± 0.172 ^ef	0.154 ± 0.020 ^abc	0.060 ± 0.012 ^abcde	0.016 ± 0.002 ^b	0.033 ± 0.002 ^cd
18	Bohemia wheat	0.397 ± 0.099 ^bcde	0.199 ± 0.024 ^abc	0.116 ± 0.042 ^cdef	0.021 ± 0.001 ^bc	0.034 ± 0.003 ^cde
19	Bohemia pure malt	0.607 ± 0.067 ^fg	0.281 ± 0.012 ^cde	0.067 ± 0.005 ^abcde	0.018 ± 0.001 ^bc	0.035 ± 0.001 ^cde
20	Bohemia original	0.500 ± 0.048 ^bcde	0.357 ± 0.050 ^def	0.123 ± 0.093 ^def	0.018 ± 0.001 ^bc	0.034 ± 0.000 ^cde
21	Bohemia IPA	0.487 ± 0.051 ^def	0.228 ± 0.012 ^bcd	0.078 ± 0.028 ^abcdef	0.018 ± 0.001 ^bc	0.035 ± 0.001 ^cde
22	Red fruits	0.312 ± 0.054 ^abcd	0.451 ± 0.026 ^f	0.089 ± 0.020 ^abcdef	0.020 ± 0.001 ^bc	0.034 ± 0.000 ^cde
23	Panache	0.153 ± 0.013 ^a	0.191 ± 0.012 ^abc	0.023 ± 0.012 ^a	0.010 ± 0.001 ^a	0.028 ± 0.003 ^b
p-value		^Y ***	***	***	***	***

^X Values are presented with mean ± SD (n = 3). Different letters indicate significantly different results (ANOVA. p > 0.05). according to the Tukey test. ^Y Significance: not significant. N.S. (p > 0.05); *** significant with p < 0.001.